Radiation exposure due to 222Rn, 220Rn and their progenies in three metropolises in China and Japan with different air quality levels

Jun, Hu; Wu, Yue; Saputra, Miki Arian; Song, Yanling; Yang, Guosheng; Tokonami, Shinji

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106830

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In an intercomparison experiment carried out in a test chamber, the following average AMD values and regions (nm) were found for the unattached RnP [100]: 0.66 (0.53-0.86) for 218 Po, 0.80 (0.53-1.76) for 214 Pb, and 0.91 (0.53-2.20) for 214 Bi. The following were found for TnP: 0.73 (0.53-0.97) for 212 Pb and 0.85 (0.53-2.31) for 212 Bi. According to Huet et al [101], diameters (nm) of the unattached 218 Po, 214 Pb, and 214 Bi in an aged aerosol were similar and close to 0.85×/:1.25, and of the attached RnP, to 190×/:1.64.…”

Section: Radon Short-lived Products As Radioactive Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In a radon chamber containing carrier aerosol, the AMD values of 0.82, 0.79, 1.70, and 0.82 nm were obtained for the unattached 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, and 214 Po, respectively [102]. For unattached 212 Pb, the diameter size range of 0.8-2.0 nm and AMTD of 1.32 nm have been reported, and for its attached form, the size range of 230-400 nm and AMTD of 352 nm [103]. An AMTD of 1.28 nm for unattached 218 Po was in the range of 1.04-1.55 nm, and that for unattached 214 Pb of 1.30 nm was in the range of 1.10-1.60 nm, while the AMAD for attached 214 Pb was 353 nm in the range of 240-550 nm and that for attached 214 Bi was 380 in the range of 250-540 nm [104].…”

Section: Radon Short-lived Products As Radioactive Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with ARnP (Bq m −3 ), thus expressing the equilibrium-equivalent activity concentration of RnP (also denoted by EERC, EECRn, or, rarely, Ceq,Rn). Because of the recoil energy (order of magnitude 100 eV) gained during α-transformation of the attached 218 Po and 216 Po, a considerable recoil fraction (r) of 214 Pb and 212 Pb atoms is ejected from the aerosol particles [55,56]. Attached RnP and TnP species behave as other radioactive and non-radioactive aerosol particles.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Radon and Thoron Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the 218 Po atom has (6.00 + 7.69) MeV, and 214 Pb and 214 Bi atoms (though only β emitters) have 7.69 MeV. Because the TnP chain is branched after 212 Bi, the average value of 7.81 MeV (=0.36 × 6.09 + 0.64 × 8.78) is assigned to 212 Pb and 212 Bi, and (6.78 + 7.81) MeV is assigned to 216 Po. Energies are given per one atom and per 1 Bq (i.e., E α and E α /λ, λ-rate constant of radioactive transformation).…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Radon and Thoron Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the dosimetry point of view, of all TnPs, only 212 Pb and 212 Bi are interesting (as evident in Equation ( 7)). Because of the very short half-life of Tn, the contribution from the outdoor thoron (A out Tn ) to A Tn is generally negligible unless at very high ventilation rates and may be omitted.…”

Section: Unattached Rnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radon and Its Short-Lived Products in Indoor Air: Present Status and Perspectives

Vaupotič

2024

Sustainability

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Initially, basic equations are given to express the activity concentrations and concentrations of potential α-energies of radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Tn) and their short-lived products in indoor air. The appearance of short-lived products as a radioactive aerosol is shown, and the fraction of the unattached products is particularly exposed, a key datum in radon dosimetry. This fundamental part is followed by giving the sources of radon and thoron indoors, and thus, their products, and displaying the dependence of their levels on the ground characteristics, building material and practice, and living–working habits of residents. Substantial hourly, daily, and seasonal changes in their activity concentrations are reviewed, as influenced by meteorological parameters (air temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed) and human activity (either by ventilation, air conditioning and air filtration, or by generating aerosol particles). The role of the aerosol particle concentration and their size distribution in the dynamics of radon products in indoor air has been elucidated, focusing on the fraction of unattached products. Intensifying combined monitoring of radon short-lived products and background aerosol would improve radon dosimetry approaches in field and laboratory experiments. A profound knowledge of the influence of meteorological parameters and human activities on the dynamics of the behaviour of radon and thoron accompanied by their products in the air is a prerequisite to managing sustainable indoor air quality and human health.

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Section: Radon Short-lived Products As Radioactive Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Radon Short-lived Products As Radioactive Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fundamentals Of Radon and Thoron Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fundamentals Of Radon and Thoron Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unattached Rnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radon and Its Short-Lived Products in Indoor Air: Present Status and Perspectives

Vaupotič

2024

Sustainability

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Environmental Alpha Radiation from the Soil at a Prehispanic Ancient Sacred Site in Lima, Perú

Díaz,

Liza,

Rojas

et al. 2023

Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol.

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In the present work, we investigate the concentration of radon and its alpha-emitting progeny at the archaeological site of Huaca 20 in Lima, Peru. The site holds significant cultural and historical importance as an ancient pre-Inca ruin, providing valuable insights into the lives and rituals of its former inhabitants. We quantified the radon levels accurately with passive CR-39 TM detectors deployed within specially designed chambers at the site for 28 days. In a controlled laboratory environment, we processed the detectors afterward, examining and analyzing the resulting tracks using advanced microscopy and the ImageJ analysis software. The ground-level concentration of radon and its alpha-emitting progeny was determined, revealing elevated levels ranging from 2.4 ± 0.6 to 8.9 ± 0.9 (kBq/m 3 ). These findings underscore the unique presence of radon at Huaca 20 and highlight the potential impact on microorganisms at ground level. Likewise, these results can contribute to studies on the radiological risks faced by visitors, excavators and archaeologists. Finally, we show the spatial distribution of radon concentrations within the site by creating an iso-concentration map. The iso-concentration map reveals a relation between areas with elevated radon levels and the good preservation of funerary contexts.

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An Evaluation of Radon in Drinking Water Supplies in Major Cities of the Province of Chimborazo, Central Andes of Ecuador

Orbe,

Herrera-Robalino,

Ureña-Callay

et al. 2023

Water

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The activity concentrations of 222Rn were measured in 53 public water supplies of underground (50) and surface (3) origin, and the relation of such with five geological units where these supplies are located, in the central Ecuadorian Andes, was also explored. These units supply drinking water to 10 cities, located between the 1500 and 3120 m.a.s.l. The experimental setup consisted of the RAD7 radon detector and the RAD H2O degassing system. The 222Rn levels measured in groundwater ranged from 0.53 to 14.78 Bq/L while surface waters did not indicate detectable radon levels. The radon concentrations were below the parametric value of 100 Bq/L for water intended for human consumption, recommended by the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) in its Directive 2013/51, and the alternative maximum contamination level (AMCL) of 150 Bq/L, proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The Pisayambo Volcanic unit, mapped as intermediate volcaniclastic to felsic deposits, presented a mean radon concentration higher than the other geological units and lithologies (9.58 ± 3.04 Bq/L). The Cunupogyo well (11.36 ± 0.48 Bq/L) presented a radon concentration more than 70% higher than the neighboring springs, which may be explained by its proximity to the Pallatanga geological fault. The maximum annual effective doses, by cities, due to the ingestion and inhalation of radon, ranged from 0.010 to 0.108 mSv and from 0.008 to 0.091 mSv, respectively; therefore, these waters do not represent a risk to the health of the population. In addition, a correlation was observed between the activity concentration of 222Rn and the activity concentration of the parent 226Ra in samples collected from some springs.

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Radiation exposure due to 222Rn, 220Rn and their progenies in three metropolises in China and Japan with different air quality levels

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Radon and Its Short-Lived Products in Indoor Air: Present Status and Perspectives

Radon and Its Short-Lived Products in Indoor Air: Present Status and Perspectives

Environmental Alpha Radiation from the Soil at a Prehispanic Ancient Sacred Site in Lima, Perú

An Evaluation of Radon in Drinking Water Supplies in Major Cities of the Province of Chimborazo, Central Andes of Ecuador

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