Radiation exposure dose in human blood lymphocytes as assessed by the CBMN assay

Abstract

The chances of accidental exposure are augmented as the application of ionizing radiation increases in various fields. Such accidental exposures may occur at nuclear power plants, laboratories, and hospitals. Cytogenetic assays have been used for estimating radiation dose in the situation of the accidents. The micronucleus assay has several advantages over the other cytogenetic methods as it is simple and fast. The present study aimed at investigation of the micronuclei frequencies in cytokinesis-block cells in human blood lymphocytes after γ-irradiation and at establishment of a standard dose response relationship. The samples of peripheral blood were obtained from 6 different donors aged between 24 and 30 years old. The bloods were irradiated in vitro with 0-5 Gy. A linear quadratic dose-response equation was obtained by scoring the micronuclei in binucleated cells; y = 27.87x 2 + 46.13x + 2.08 (r 2 = 0.99). Irradiation caused a significant decrease in the nuclear division index. Necrotic and apoptotic cells increased in number after irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the conventional cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay has proven to be the great technique in biological dosimetry. Dose-response calibration curve derived from CMBN assay could be used to estimate the exposure dose during a radiological emergency.

DNA damage and circulating cell free DNA in greenhouse workers exposed to pesticides

“…The cytokinesis‐block micronucleus assay (CBMN), a cytome assay which enables measurement of diverse DNA damage, is a promising tool for evaluating the genotoxic effect of pesticides. When compared with several other methods, such as chromosomal aberration (CA) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE), CBMN has many advantages [Fenech, ; Bolognesi et al, ; Suspiro and Prista, ; Ryu et al, ]. The assay enables us to measure different DNA alterations simultaneously.…”

Micronucleus Frequencies and DNA Repair Gene XRCC3 Polymorphism in Radiation Workers of Center for Multipurpose Reactor

“…Micronucleus assay has many advantages compared to other cytogenetic assays since it is rapid, does not require as much specialized expertise, and can be applied to monitor a largepopulation. Micronucleus assay has been used in many biomonitoring studies and is considered as a valuable biomarker of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in human population [4].…”