Radiation Exposure and Thyroid Cancer Risk After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident in Comparison with the Chernobyl Accident

Yamashita, Shunichi; Takamura, Noboru; Ohtsuru, Akira; Suzuki, Shinichi

doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw189

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It is now becoming evident that exposure doses in Fukushima residents are much lower than those from the Chernobyl accident, and no strong evidence in support of the causal relation of thyroid cancer with radiation exposure in Fukushima is available so far ( 9 , 10 ). Thus, good epidemiological studies are still in demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from Fukushima: Latest Findings of Thyroid Cancer After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Yamashita

Suzuki

et al. 2018

Thyroid

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The increase in risk for late-onset thyroid cancer due to radiation exposure is a potential health effect after a nuclear power plant accident mainly due to the release of radioiodine in fallout. The risk is particularly elevated in those exposed during infancy and adolescence. To estimate the possibility and extent of thyroid cancer occurrence after exposure, it is of utmost importance to collect and analyze epidemiological information providing the basis for evaluation of radiation risk, and to consider radiobiology and molecular genetics. In this regard, the dose–response of cancer risk, temporal changes in the rates of thyroid cancer, its histopathological types and subtypes, and frequency of underlying genetic abnormalities are important. At present, however, it is difficult or impossible to distinguish radiation-induced thyroid cancer from spontaneous/sporadic thyroid cancer because molecular radiation signatures, biomarkers of radiation exposure, or genetic factors specific to radiation-induced cancer have not yet been identified. The large-scale ultrasound screening in Fukushima Prefecture of Japan demonstrated a high detection rate of thyroid cancer in young individuals, revealing 116 and 71 cases in the first and second rounds, respectively, among the same cohort of approximately 300,000 subjects. These findings raised concerns among residents and the public that it might be due to putative exposure to radiation from the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. This review summarizes evaluations by international organizations and reviews scientific publications by the authors and others on childhood thyroid cancer, especially those relevant to radiation, including basic studies on molecular mechanisms of thyroid carcinogenesis. Clinical details are also provided on surgical cases in Fukushima Prefecture, and the effect of thyroid ultrasound screening is discussed. Correct understanding of issues relating to radiation and the thyroid are essential for interpretation of thyroid cancer in Fukushima.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from Fukushima: Latest Findings of Thyroid Cancer After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Yamashita

Suzuki

et al. 2018

Thyroid

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“…It is well known that ionizing radiation at high doses is harmful to the exposed organism. However, biological effects of low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation remain unclear [ 36 ]. Low-dose-rate/low-dose radiation is an injury-related course, which is relevant to numerous elements and procedures, whereas the response of the organism is also relevant to multifarious proteins and numerous signaling pathways [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up-regulation of calreticulin in mouse liver tissues after long-term irradiation with low-dose-rate gamma rays

Liang

Yin

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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The biological effects of low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation on normal tissues has attracted attention. Based on previous research, we observed the morphology of liver tissues of C57BL/6J mice that received <50, 50–500, and 500–1000 μGy/h of 137Cs radiation for 180 d. We found that the pathological changes in liver tissues were more obvious as the irradiation dose rates increased. Additionally, differential protein expression in liver tissues was analyzed using a proteomics approach. Compared with the matched group in the 2D gel analysis of the irradiated groups, 69 proteins had ≥ 1.5-fold changes in expression. Twenty-three proteins were selected based on ≥2.5-fold change in expression, and 22 of them were meaningful for bioinformatics and protein fingerprinting analysis. These molecules were relevant to cytoskeleton processes, cell metabolism, biological defense, mitochondrial damage, detoxification and tumorigenesis. The results from real-time PCR and western blot (WB) analyses showed that calreticulin (CRT) was up-regulated in the irradiated groups, which indicates that CRT may be relevant to stress reactions when mouse livers are exposed to low-dose irradiation and that low-dose-rate ionizing radiation may pose a cancer risk. The CRT protein can be a potential candidate for low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation early-warning biomarkers. However, the underlying mechanism requires further investigation.

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“…(15) . Una reciente investigación identifica una relación lineal dosis-respuesta entre la exposición a yodo reactivo y el cáncer de tiroides (16) .…”

Section: Radiación Ionizanteunclassified

Carcinógenos ambientales asociados a cáncer infantil

et al. 2019

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Introducción: La Sociedad Americana de Cáncer indica que al año se diagnostican 163.300 casos de cáncer infantil en el mundo. En Colombia fueron reportadas 300 muertes por esta causa en menores de edad durante el año 2015. Actualmente, las principales asociaciones etiológicas de cáncer infantil son la radiación ionizante y exposición a pesticidas, convirtiéndose en una prioridad emergente en la agenda mundial de salud infantil. Objetivo: Identificar factores carcinogénicos asociados al incremento de riesgo en la aparición de cáncer infantil. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de artículos científicos en inglés y español en la base de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, y publicaciones estadísticas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, Asociación Americana de Cáncer y el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia. Resultados: Se describieron diferentes factores carcinogénicos como radiación ionizante, agentes biológicos, patrones dietéticos, exposición a pesticidas, tabaco y asbesto, destacando su asociación en el desarrollo de cáncer infantil. Conclusión: El reconocimiento de los agentes carcinogénicos frecuentemente asociados con cáncer infantil, permite identificar el impacto de estos sobre la salud, y generar medidas preventivas más eficaces que puedan reducir la carga global de la enfermedad.

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Radiation Exposure and Thyroid Cancer Risk After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident in Comparison with the Chernobyl Accident

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Lessons from Fukushima: Latest Findings of Thyroid Cancer After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Lessons from Fukushima: Latest Findings of Thyroid Cancer After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Up-regulation of calreticulin in mouse liver tissues after long-term irradiation with low-dose-rate gamma rays

Carcinógenos ambientales asociados a cáncer infantil

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