Radiation Effects on Brain Extracellular Matrix

Grigorieva, Elvira V.

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.576701

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Proteoglycans (PGs), for example, are implicated in initial glioblastoma development and contribute to cancer stem cell (CSC) treatment resistance and GBM recurrence development. Radiotherapy reduces brevican and neurocan concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid at 12-months following irradiation [35]. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a PG component of any tissue but plays an especially critical role in the brain.…”

Section: Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glioblastoma Treatment: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Camacho

Flores-Vázquez

Moscardini-Martelli

et al. 2022

IJMS

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(1) Background: Glioblastoma is the most frequent and lethal primary tumor of the central nervous system. Through many years, research has brought various advances in glioblastoma treatment. At this time, glioblastoma management is based on maximal safe surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Recently, bevacizumab has been added to the treatment arsenal for the recurrent scenario. Nevertheless, patients with glioblastoma still have a poor prognosis. Therefore, many efforts are being made in different clinical research areas to find a new alternative to improve overall survival, free-progression survival, and life quality in glioblastoma patients. (2) Methods: Our objective is to recap the actual state-of-the-art in glioblastoma treatment, resume the actual research and future perspectives on immunotherapy, as well as the new synthetic molecules and natural compounds that represent potential future therapies at preclinical stages. (3) Conclusions: Despite the great efforts in therapeutic research, glioblastoma management has suffered minimal changes, and the prognosis remains poor. Combined therapeutic strategies and delivery methods, including immunotherapy, synthetic molecules, natural compounds, and glioblastoma stem cell inhibition, may potentiate the standard of care therapy and represent the next step in glioblastoma management research.

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Section: Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, HA interaction with the CD44 receptor induces a mesenchymal shift in GBM cells. An increase in HA content on the tumor tissue affects the microenvironment, providing pro-invasive extracellular signaling [35].…”

Section: Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glioblastoma Treatment: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Camacho

Flores-Vázquez

Moscardini-Martelli

et al. 2022

IJMS

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show abstract

“…In experiments using cell lines, various changes have been observed in invasiveness caused by radiation [ 100 , 101 ]. Radiation-induced damage of the tumor microenvironment may create a tumor-susceptive niche that promotes the proliferation and invasion of the residual glioma cells [ 102 ]. In a model experiment, multiple radiations altered glycosylated components (PG and GAG) in normal brain tissue, reduced CSPG expression and CS in normal brain tissue, and promoted residual glioma cell adhesion and proliferation [ 103 ].…”

Section: Effect Of Glioma Therapy On Tumor Invasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Challenges of Glioma Invasion

2022

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Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, and its prognosis is poor. Glioma cells are highly invasive to the brain parenchyma. It is difficult to achieve complete resection due to the nature of the brain tissue, and tumors that invade the parenchyma often recur. The invasiveness of tumor cells has been studied from various aspects, and the related molecular mechanisms are gradually becoming clear. Cell adhesion factors and extracellular matrix factors have a strong influence on glioma invasion. The molecular mechanisms that enhance the invasiveness of glioma stem cells, which have been investigated in recent years, have also been clarified. In addition, it has been discussed from both basic and clinical perspectives that current therapies can alter the invasiveness of tumors, and there is a need to develop therapeutic approaches to glioma invasion in the future. In this review, we will summarize the factors that influence the invasiveness of glioma based on the environment of tumor cells and tissues, and describe the impact of the treatment of glioma on invasion in terms of molecular biology, and the novel therapies for invasion that are currently being developed.

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“…Migrating tumor cells undergo significant molecular and cellular transformations through changing the level of cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion and rearranging the cytoskeleton [ 6 , 7 ]. Moreover, in the course of chemo- and radiation therapy, the ECM can undergo certain changes, reflected in the accumulation of the fibrous component aggravating the disease [ 8 ]. Not only the matrix, but also individual tumor cells differ in their viscoelastic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical and Morphological AFM Mapping of Normal Tissues and Tumors on Live Brain Slices Using Specially Designed Embedding Matrix and Laser-Shaped Cantilevers

et al. 2022

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Cell and tissue nanomechanics has been intriguingly introduced into biomedical research, not only complementing traditional immunophenotyping and molecular analysis, but also bringing unexpected new insights for clinical diagnostics and bioengineering. However, despite the progress in the study of individual cells in culture by atomic force microscopy (AFM), its application for mapping live tissues has a number of technical limitations. Here, we elaborate a new technique to study live slices of normal brain tissue and tumors by combining morphological and nanomechanical AFM mapping in high throughput scanning mode, in contrast to the typically utilized force spectroscopy mode based on single-point probe application. This became possible due to the combined use of an appropriate embedding matrix for vibratomy and originally modified AFM probes. The embedding matrix composition was carefully developed by regulating the amounts of agar and collagen I to reach optimal viscoelastic properties for obtaining high-quality live slices that meet AFM requirements. AFM tips were rounded by irradiating them with focused nanosecond laser pulses, while the resulting tip morphology was verified by scanning electron microscopy. Live slices preparation and AFM investigation take only 55 min and could be combined with a vital cell tracer analysis or immunostaining, thus making it promising for biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.

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Radiation Effects on Brain Extracellular Matrix

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Glioblastoma Treatment: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Glioblastoma Treatment: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Challenges of Glioma Invasion

Nanomechanical and Morphological AFM Mapping of Normal Tissues and Tumors on Live Brain Slices Using Specially Designed Embedding Matrix and Laser-Shaped Cantilevers

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