Radiation dose required for the vulcanization of natural rubber latex via hybrid gamma radiation and peroxide vulcanizations

Salmani, Ibrahim; Badri, Khairiah Haji; Ratnam, Chantara Thevy; Ali, Noor Hasni M.; Munir, Muhammad Abdurrahman

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/555/1/012026

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Another work by Ibrahim and coworkers showed the 16‐kGy‐irradiated NRL that contained 2.5 phr of hexanediol diacrylate as sensitizer was an optimum sample with a tensile strength of 27.7 MPa and 500% modulus of 3.5 MPa. [ 35 ] Despite previous works showing higher tensile strength and modulus than the optimum sample in this work (12‐kGy‐irradiated NRL), the additives that promote the vulcanization process, such as hexanediol diacrylate and sulfur, are carcinogenic and dangerous for health. Therefore, this fundamental result discovers a green and chemical‐free method of producing a radiation‐cross‐linked NRL with enhanced mechanical properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

The effects of the cross‐linking mechanism of low doses of gamma irradiation on the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the natural rubber latex/poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene‐block‐styrene) block copolymer blend

Lazim

Hidzir

Hamzah

et al. 2021

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Natural rubber latex (NRL) is a natural polymer with versatile properties.However, uncured NRL has low strength and limited practical use. Therefore, we utilized low-dose gamma irradiation to induce cross-linking in blended NRL/poly(styrene-block-isoprene-block-styrene) (SIS). Blends were prepared in various ratios, and the 70 NRL /30 SIS blend gave optimal mechanical properties. The 70 NRL /30 SIS blend was then irradiated from 4 to 16 kGy. An exposure of 12 kGy led to the highest tensile strength (4.49 MPa), Young's modulus (0.41 MPa), gel content (45%), and cross-link density (12.18 Â 10 À5 molÁcm À3 ).The results of study show irradiation has improved the crystallinity of the polymer blend, which has been determined by the formation of a new NRL crystal peak at 31.2 and the decrease of the crystallization temperature from 58 to 19 C due to strain-induced crystallization. Moreover, the radiation has trans-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

The effects of the cross‐linking mechanism of low doses of gamma irradiation on the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the natural rubber latex/poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene‐block‐styrene) block copolymer blend

Lazim

Hidzir

Hamzah

et al. 2021

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“… 24 Nonetheless, only few studies have reported the manufacture of MIP through electropolymerization. 25 , 26 The present study is the first to combine MIP with electropolymerized polyurethane (PU), producing an electrochemical sensor for on-site histamine assessments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspecting Histamine Isolated from Fish through a Highly Selective Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor Approach

Munir¹,

Rahmawati

Jamal

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Numerous analytical approaches have been developed to determine histamine levels in food samples due to its health consequences. Consuming histamine over the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-regulated 50 mg kg −1 limit would result in chronic toxicity. Consequently, the present study discusses a novel electrochemical approach to evaluate histamine levels in fish products via a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on an electrode surface. The film was produced with electropolymerized polyurethane (PU), which maintained the histamine compound. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to verify the MIP manufactured in this study. The capability of the polymer was measured by assessing its electron shifts with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was also employed to validate the sensing method. The MIP/ screen-printed electrode (SPE) and non-imprinted polymer (NIP)/SPE recorded a linear response ranging from 1 to 1000 nmol L −1 at the 1.765 and 709 nmol L −1 detection limits. The sensing technique was subsequently utilized to determine the histamine levels in selected samples at room temperature (25 °C). Generally, the sensor allowed the accurate and precise detection of histamine in the fish samples. Furthermore, the approach could be categorized as a simple technique that is low-cost and suitable for on-site detections.

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“…As a solution for receptor material, there is specific material such as molecularly imprinted material (MIP) that offers several superiorities such as stability at high temperatures, robustness, high reproducibility, and on-site application [ 29 ]. Generally, MIP is a synthetic material produced by cross-linking monomers with polymerizing functions [ 30 , 31 ]. Furthermore, the MIP properties propose satisfactory stability, easy production, a low budget, and robustness [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane Application to Transform Screen-Printed Electrode for Rapid Identification of Histamine Isolated from Fish

Munir¹,

Jamal

Said

et al. 2023

Scientifica

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The toxicity of histamine has attracted numerous researchers to develop a method for histamine determination purposes. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) unequivocally prohibits the consumption of histamine above 50 mg·kg−1. Thus, an innovation in histamine detection in fish has been developed in this research. The investigation of the histamine level in fish has been conducted by using an electrochemical sensor approach and producing a polymer via molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on a screen-printed electrode. The technique was validated by assessing the shifts in electron shifting using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) approach and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), whereas differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied to validate the sensor method. The instruments showed a linear response ranging from 1–1000 nmol·L−1, with a detection limit of MIP/SPE at 1.765 nmol·L−1 and 709 nmol·L−1 for the NIP/SPE, respectively. The sensing technique was employed to determine the histamine level in selected samples at room temperature (25°C). The outcomes of this study indicated that the validated chemical sensor allowed accurate and precise detection of fish samples and can be categorized as a simple approach. The instrument is inexpensive and suitable for on-site detection.

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Radiation dose required for the vulcanization of natural rubber latex via hybrid gamma radiation and peroxide vulcanizations

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

The effects of the cross‐linking mechanism of low doses of gamma irradiation on the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the natural rubber latex/poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene‐block‐styrene) block copolymer blend

The effects of the cross‐linking mechanism of low doses of gamma irradiation on the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the natural rubber latex/poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene‐block‐styrene) block copolymer blend

Inspecting Histamine Isolated from Fish through a Highly Selective Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor Approach

Polyurethane Application to Transform Screen-Printed Electrode for Rapid Identification of Histamine Isolated from Fish

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