Radiation Dose Nowcast for the Ground Level Enhancement on 10–11 September 2017

Kataoka, Ryuho; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Miyake, Shoko; Shiota, Daikou; Kubo, Yûki

doi:10.1029/2018sw001874

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The derived rigidity spectra of GLE particles were found to be relatively hard during the event onset (see Figure a and Table ) for a weak event and a softening of the spectra throughout the event was derived (e.g., Mishev et al, , ). The derived spectral index after the event onset is in very good agreement with other estimates (e.g., Kataoka et al, ). After 17:15 UT, the energy distribution of the GLE particles was described by a pure power‐law rigidity spectrum.…”

Section: Reconstruction Of Proton Spectra For Gle 72 Using Nm Datasupporting

confidence: 88%

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Assessment of the Radiation Environment at Commercial Jet‐Flight Altitudes During GLE 72 on 10 September 2017 Using Neutron Monitor Data

Mishev

Usoskin

2018

Space Weather

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As a result of intense solar activity during the first 10 days of September, a ground level enhancement occurred on 10 September 2017. Here we computed the effective dose rates in the polar region at several altitudes during the event using the derived rigidity spectra of the energetic solar protons. The contribution of different populations of energetic particles, namely, galactic cosmic rays and solar protons, to the exposure is explicitly considered and compared. We also assessed the exposure of a crew members/passengers to radiation at different locations and at several cruise flight altitudes and calculated the received doses for two typical intercontinental flights. The estimated received dose during a high latitude, 40 kft, ∼10‐hr flight is ∼100 μSv.

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Section: Reconstruction Of Proton Spectra For Gle 72 Using Nm Datasupporting

confidence: 88%

“…These results related to radiation environment during GLE 72 are compared with other similar estimates (e.g., Copeland et al, 2018;Kataoka et al, 2018;Matthiä et al, 2018). A good agreement, in the order of 10-14%, at altitude of 50 kft with the exposure reported by Copeland et al (2018) is achieved.…”

Section: 1029/2018sw001946supporting

confidence: 66%

Assessment of the Radiation Environment at Commercial Jet‐Flight Altitudes During GLE 72 on 10 September 2017 Using Neutron Monitor Data

Mishev

Usoskin

2018

Space Weather

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“…This corresponds to a maximum increase in the effective dose rate of about 40% and in the dose rate in silicon of about 20%. In their application of the WASAVIES model to the event, Kataoka et al () have independently estimated a maximum rate of the effective dose of approximately 3 μSv/h at 12 km (≈39,000 ft).…”

Section: Calculated Radiation Exposures During the Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Solar Particle Event on 10–13 September 2017: Spectral Reconstruction and Calculation of the Radiation Exposure in Aviation and Space

2018

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The solar energetic particle event on 10 September 2017 and on the following days was the strongest event in recent years. It was recorded as ground level enhancement 72 by neutron monitor stations on Earth and measured by a number of instruments in space. One aspect of such a space weather event is the potentially increased radiation exposure in aviation and space. Numerical simulations can help estimate the elevated dose rates during such an event; a critical aspect in these simulations is the description of the primary particle spectrum. In this work, we present 1-hr averaged proton spectra during the event derived from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite measurements and described by two different analytic functions. The derived proton spectra are used to calculate the radiation exposure in aviation and different space scenarios: low-Earth orbit, interplanetary space, and Mars surface, and the results are discussed in the context of available experimental data. While the results indicate that in most of these scenarios in aviation and space the event was of little significance compared to the total exposure from galactic cosmic radiation, the skin dose in a lightly shielded environment in interplanetary space may have reached about 30% to 60% of the NASA 30-day dose limit.

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“…A description of the evolution of AR 12673 is given by Redmon et al (). The magnetic connectivity was similar to the earlier solar event, but on this occasion the CME‐driven shock resulted in a large radiation storm which was the largest of solar cycle 24 at the highest energies (Kataoka et al, ). This may arise from the preceding activity with the multiple eruptions providing an energetic particle seed population that was subsequently accelerated in the event of 10 September (Schwadron et al, ).…”

Section: Events On the Sunmentioning

confidence: 70%

In Situ Data and Effect Correlation During September 2017 Solar Particle Event

et al. 2019

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Solar energetic particles are one of the main sources of particle radiation seen in space. In the first part of September 2017 the most active solar period of cycle 24 produced four large X-class flares and a series of (interplanetary) coronal mass ejections, which gave rise to radiation storms seen over all energies and at the ground by neutron monitors. This paper presents comprehensive cross comparisons of in situ radiation detector data from near-Earth satellites to give an appraisal on the state of present data processing for monitors of such particles. Many of these data sets have been the target of previous cross calibrations, and this event with a hard spectrum provides the opportunity to validate these results. As a result of the excellent agreement found between these data sets and the use of neutron monitor data, this paper also presents an analytical expression for fluence spectrum for the event. Derived ionizing dose values have been computed to show that although there is a significant high-energy component, the event was not particularly concerning as regards dose effects in spacecraft electronics. Several sets of spacecraft data illustrating single event effects are presented showing a more significant impact in this regard. Such a hard event can penetrate thick shielding; human dose quantities measured inside the International Space Station and derived through modeling for aircraft altitudes are also presented. Lastly, simulation results of coronal mass ejection propagation through the heliosphere are presented along with data from Mars-orbiting spacecraft in addition to data from the Mars surface.

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Radiation Dose Nowcast for the Ground Level Enhancement on 10–11 September 2017

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Assessment of the Radiation Environment at Commercial Jet‐Flight Altitudes During GLE 72 on 10 September 2017 Using Neutron Monitor Data

Assessment of the Radiation Environment at Commercial Jet‐Flight Altitudes During GLE 72 on 10 September 2017 Using Neutron Monitor Data

The Solar Particle Event on 10–13 September 2017: Spectral Reconstruction and Calculation of the Radiation Exposure in Aviation and Space

In Situ Data and Effect Correlation During September 2017 Solar Particle Event

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