Radiation databases and archives – examples and comparisons

Zander, Alia; Paunesku, Tatjana; Woloschak, Gayle E.

doi:10.1080/09553002.2019.1572249

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Argonne National Laboratory conducted a series of 10 large scale ionizing radiation lifespan studies on rodents between 1972 and 1989. These studies are now part of the NURA archive housed by the Woloschak laboratory and posted on the web, allowing access to all who are interested in this dataset [14,21,22,34]. Records list individual mouse information with the type of radiation, total dose, dose rate, fractionation schedule, age first irradiated, age at death, cause of death and, in many cases, detailed pathology analyses.…”

Section: Data Selection-nuramentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

2020

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With increasing medical radiation exposures, it is important to understand how different modes of delivery of ionizing radiation as well as total doses of exposure impact health outcomes. Our lab studied the risks associated with ionizing radiation by analyzing the Northwestern University Radiation Archive for animals (NURA). NURA contains detailed data from a series of 10 individual neutron and gamma irradiation experiments conducted on over 50,000 mice. Rigorous statistical testing on control mice from all Janus experiments enabled us to select studies that could be compared to one another and uncover unexpected differences among the controls as well as experimental animals. For controls, mice sham irradiated with 300 fractions died significantly earlier than those with fewer sham fractions and were excluded from the pooled dataset. Using the integrated dataset of gamma irradiated and control mice, we found that fractionation significantly decreased the death hazard for animals dying of lymphomas, tumors, non-tumors, and unknown causes. Gender differences in frequencies of causes of death were identified irrespective of irradiation and dose fractionation, with female mice being at a greater risk for all causes of death, except for lung tumors. Irradiated and control male mice were at a significantly greater risk for lung tumors, the opposite from observations noted in humans. Additionally, we discovered that lymphoma deaths can occur quickly after exposures to high doses of gamma rays. This study systematically cross-compared outcomes of different modes of fractionation evaluated across different Janus experiments and across a wide span of total doses. It demonstrates that protraction modulated survival and disease status differently based on the total dose, cause of death, and sex of an animal. This novel method for analyzing the Janus datasets will lead to insightful new mechanistic hypotheses and research in the fields of radiation biology and protection.

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Section: Data Selection-nuramentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

2020

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“…Efforts to date to provide access to some of the earliest large-scale experiments have demonstrated the utility of such data (reviewed in Zander et al 2019), and have also uncovered some of the challenges that such an endeavor poses. In one example, data from more than 36,000 mice stored in the JANUS archive were re-analyzed to determine low dose-and dose-rate extrapolation factors (Tran 2017) showing the power of working with data collected from a single effort over a long period of time; while conversely, combining JANUS data with compatible data in the European Radiobiological Archives revealed that the dose-response model did not fit the expanded cohort (Haley 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the Japan-Store house of animal radiobiology experiments (J-SHARE), a large-scale necropsy and histopathology archive providing international access to important radiobiology data

Morioka

Blyth

Imaoka

et al. 2019

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Projects evaluating the effects of radiation, within the National Institutes of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), have focused on risk analyses for life shortening and cancer prevalence using laboratory animals. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in radiation-induced tumors have been also analyzed, with the aim of better understanding mechanisms of radiation carcinogenesis. As well as the economic and practical limitations of repeating such large-scale experiments, ethical considerations make it vital that we store and share the pathological data and samples of the animal experiments for future use. We are now constructing such an archive called the Japan-Storehouse of Animal Radiobiology Experiments (J-SHARE).Methods: J-SHARE records include information such as detailed experimental protocols, necropsy records and photographs of organs at necropsy. For each animal organs and tumor tissues are dissected, and parts are stored as frozen samples at -80 ˚C. Samples fixed with formalin are also embedded in paraffin blocks for histopathological analyses.Digital copies of stained tissues are being systematically saved using a virtual slide system linked to original records by barcodes. Embedded and frozen tissues are available for molecular analysis. Conclusion:Similar archive systems for radiation biology have been also under construction in the USA and Europe,

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“…Argonne National Laboratory conducted a series of 10 large scale ionizing radiation lifespan studies on rodents between 1972 and 1989. These studies are now part of the NURA archive housed by the Woloschak laboratory and posted on the web, allowing access to all who are interested in this dataset (14, 21, 22, 28). Records list individual mouse information with the type of radiation, total dose, dose rate, fractionation schedule, age first irradiated, age at death, cause of death and, in many cases, detailed pathology analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

Woloschak¹,

Zander²,

Paunesku³

2020

Preprint

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26With increasing medical radiation exposures, it is important to understand how 27 different modes of delivery of ionizing radiation as well as total doses of exposure impact 28 health outcomes. Our lab studied the risks associated with ionizing radiation by analyzing the 29 Northwestern University Radiation Archive for animals (NURA). NURA contains detailed data 30 from a series of 10 individual neutron and gamma irradiation experiments conducted on over 31 50,000 mice. Rigorous statistical testing on control mice from all Janus experiments enabled us 32 to select studies that could be compared to one another and uncover unexpected differences 33 among the controls as well as experimental animals. For controls, mice sham irradiated with 34 300 fractions died significantly earlier than those with fewer sham fractions. Using the 35 integrated dataset of gamma irradiated and control mice, we found that fractionation 36 significantly decreased the death hazard for animals dying of lymphomas, tumors, non-tumors, 37 and unknown causes. Gender differences in frequencies of causes of death were identified 38 irrespective of irradiation and dose fractionation, with female mice being at a greater risk for all 39 causes of death, except for lung tumors. Irradiated and control male mice were at a significantly 40 greater risk for lung tumors, the opposite from observations noted in humans. Additionally, we 41 discovered that lymphoma deaths can occur quickly after exposures to high doses of gamma 42 rays. This study systematically cross-compared outcomes of different modes of fractionation 43 across a wide span of total doses to demonstrate that protraction modulated survival and 44 disease status differently based on the total dose, cause of death, and sex of an animal. This 45 novel method for analyzing the Janus datasets will lead to insightful new mechanistic 46 hypotheses and research in the fields of radiation biology and protection.49 impacts is important for setting radiation protection standards. Approximately half of 50 humankind's cumulative annual radiation exposure comes from natural sources, such as cosmic 51 radiation and soil; the other half is derived from human-made sources including medical 52 procedures and nuclear medicine (1). Most of the general population receives low dose chronic 53 ionizing radiation exposures, accumulating to a few hundred mSv over a lifetime (2). 54Calculating the risks associated with these chronic exposures is challenging because of 55 the high background levels for the same diseases ionizing radiation can induce and the low 56 overall effect of these lower dose/dose-rate exposures. There are several helpful data sources 57 that researchers have utilized to help quantify these risks including radiation therapy studies, 58 atomic bomb survivor data, and other epidemiological studies from workers in the field and 59 nuclear disasters. The radiation doses given to patients for radiation therapy are much larger 60 than standard exposure and are only used on a small segmen...

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Radiation databases and archives – examples and comparisons

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

Establishing the Japan-Store house of animal radiobiology experiments (J-SHARE), a large-scale necropsy and histopathology archive providing international access to important radiobiology data

Analyses of cancer incidence and other morbidities in gamma irradiated B6CF1 mice

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