Radiation Cystitis: Acute and Chronic

Kolla, Surendra B.; Dash, Atreya

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2217-8_7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…2 However, a progressive and irreversible late phase is preceded by a symptom-free period that persists for years or even decades. 3,4 The urologic symptoms comprise a tremendous reduction of the bladder volume, leading to an increased micturition frequency and nocturia, and include dysuria, hematuria, and incontinence. In consideration of continuously increasing curing rates, it is important to manage chronic symptoms to further improve the patient's quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Aspects of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B and Its Modulation by Thalidomide on Early and Late Radiation Sequelae in Urinary Bladder Dysfunction

Kowaliuk

Sarsarshahi

Hlawatsch

et al. 2020

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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This preclinical study aimed to investigate the role of nuclear factor (NF)-kB in early and late radiogenic sequelae of urinary bladder dysfunction in mice. Thalidomide was applied either during the early or late response phase to determine potential effects of NF-kB inhibition on functional bladder impairment. Methods and Materials: After pelvic irradiation on day 0, female C3H/Neu mice were observed over a period of 360 days and radiation response was evaluated for alterations in bladder functionality and NF-kB activation. Functionality was determined in graded dose experiments (14-24 Gy) and assessed by micturition frequency analysis and transurethral cystotonometry to reveal alterations in voiding and volume. The induction of the NF-kB proteins p50 and p65 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in response to a single dose of 23 Gy (ED 90). Thalidomide (100 mg/kg/d) was applied intraperitoneally in 3 treatment groups: daily from day 1 to 15, daily from day 16 to 30, and in 2-day-intervals from day 150 to 180. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis showed a biphasic activation of p50 and p65 during the early radiation cystitis phase (day 1-30). After a transient decrease, p50, but not p65, was reactivated permanently leading to increased levels, which suggests an occurrence of chronic inflammation correlated with functional impairment. Both early thalidomide treatments reduced NF-kB activation and shifted the ED 50 value for early radiation cystitis and late radiation sequelae to higher doses. Conclusions: These data clearly demonstrate the involvement of NF-kB signaling in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced urinary bladder dysfunction. Additionally, this study emphasizes that biological targeting of early radiogenic processes has enormous effect on chronic symptoms. The late administration of thalidomide showed no significant effect on functionality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%