Radiation Chemistry of Plutonium Nitrate Solutions

Miner, F. J.; Seed, J. R.

doi:10.1021/cr60247a003

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…4 * ' Such an effect would also imply a correlation between AS* and AC* since AH* = AC* + TAS*. 96 AS* values that can be used; these range from -201 to +218 J/mol * K, with an average of -31.66 and a root-mean-square deviation of 97 J/mol -K. If the factors discussed have an influence on AS*, the expression AS* = a + b A n t c Azz + d AC* (9.5) can be fit to the data; the coefficients will have relatively small uncertainties; and the difference between the observed and calculated values will be smaller than the deviation from the average value. A standard least-squares procedure was used to find the best values for the four parameters and their standard deviations.…”

Section: -2 Entropies Of Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions

Newton¹

1975

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The kinetics of the o\idation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions.(CRDA critical review series) Bibliography: p. Includes indek. 1.Oxidation-reduction reaction. 2. Actinide elements. 3.Solution (Chemistry) 1.Title. 11. Series FOREWORDFrom the inception of the Manhattan Project, one of the prerequisites for progress in the development and application of all forms of nuclear energy has been an understanding of the chemistry of the actinide elements. Questions of actinide chemistry enter into every aspect of nuclear energy activities, from prospecting for uranium ores to ultimate disposal of reactor waste products. The expansion of the nuclear energy industry to help meet critical power requirements has reinforced the basic need for detailed knowledge of the properties of the heavy elements. Much of the chemical behavior of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium is governed by the kinetics of their oxidation-reduction reactions. The Division of Military Application is pleased to have this review published in the Energy Research and Development Administration Critical Review Series. Ernest Graves Major General, U. S. Army Director, Division of Military Application iii PREFACESince in the near future there will quite probably be an increase in the number of nuclear reactors-particularly breeder reactors, which produce large quantities of plutonium-many more chemists must become concerned with uranium, plutonium, and the other actinide elements. The chemistry of these elements is complicated but is very important in the areas of fuel reprocessing, waste recovery or disposal, and chemical analysis. Since an important part of this chemistry involves ions of the elements in aqueous solution, this review is concerned with the many oxidation states that occur and with the rates of the reactions in which the oxidation states change.Early work in this field, done during the second World War, helped solve soiiie of tlie problems of tlie Manhattan Project. Much of this early work was, of necessity, rather fragmentary, but, since then, an ever increasing amount of careful research has been done on the oxidation-reduction reactions of tlie ,actinide elements. Now, after approximately 30 years, it is worthwhile to assemble and discuss the quantitative data avail able .This review is addressed not only to the specialist but also to any chemist who would like to know more about the rates of the aqueous oxidation~reduction reactions of tlie lighter actinide ions. Some typical reactions are discussed in detail to show how we can arrive at, and then interpret, the rate laws and to show glimpses into the underlying mechanisms provided by the rate laws. Although tlie reader is assumed to have some knowledge of chemical kinetics, a brief discussion of the topics that are particularly important for oxidation-reductioii kinetics is included.In addition to these discussions, all the data available to me in the fall of 1973 are suinmarized in tables for convenient reference. This su...

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Section: -2 Entropies Of Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions

Newton¹

1975

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“…This is a self-catalyzing reaction, as it leads to the production of more HNO 2 than it consumes. 12 The most commonly used anti-nitrous agent in the PUREX process is hydrazinium nitrate (HN), as it is capable of rapidly destroying the nitrous acid in aqueous solution. In acidic media, hydrazinium exists under two protonated forms (pKa 1 = 7.9 13-15 8.1 16 8.23 17 and pKa 2 = -1 18 ): N 2 H 5 + and N 2 H 6 2+ .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse radiolysis study on the reactivity of NO₃˙ radical toward uranous(iv), hydrazinium nitrate and hydroxyl ammonium nitrate at room temperature and at 45 °C

Musat

Marignier

Naour

et al. 2020

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Radiolysis of nitrate ions in a neutral or acid solution has been extensively described in the literature for γ radiolysis (Jiang et al, 1994;Miner and Seed, 1967;Vladimirova, 1964). It is accepted that nitrate ion radiolysis results in the formation of nitrite ions (NO 2 À ) or nitrous acid (HNO 2 ) depending on the acidity (pKa HNO 2 /NO 2 nitrate ions to eventually form NO 2 À following an indirect radiolysis process (Daniels and Wigg, 1967;Jiang et al, 1994):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha radiolysis of nitric acid and sodium nitrate with 4He2+ beam of 13.5MeV energy

Garaix

Venault

Costagliola

et al. 2015

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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Radiation Chemistry of Plutonium Nitrate Solutions

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions

Kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions

Pulse radiolysis study on the reactivity of NO₃˙ radical toward uranous(iv), hydrazinium nitrate and hydroxyl ammonium nitrate at room temperature and at 45 °C

Alpha radiolysis of nitric acid and sodium nitrate with 4He2+ beam of 13.5MeV energy

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Radiation Chemistry of Plutonium Nitrate Solutions

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions

Kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reactions of uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium in aqueous solutions

Pulse radiolysis study on the reactivity of NO3˙ radical toward uranous(iv), hydrazinium nitrate and hydroxyl ammonium nitrate at room temperature and at 45 °C

Alpha radiolysis of nitric acid and sodium nitrate with 4He2+ beam of 13.5MeV energy

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Pulse radiolysis study on the reactivity of NO₃˙ radical toward uranous(iv), hydrazinium nitrate and hydroxyl ammonium nitrate at room temperature and at 45 °C