Radiation Chemistry. IV. An Interpretation of the Effect of State on the Behavior of Some Organic Compounds and Solutions

Radiation Chemistry. V. Effect of Molecular Size

“…The processes starting with ionization and resultant in decomposition may be summarized in the three steps (5): ionization, discharge, decomposition, 3 That is, at the Symposium on Radiation Chemistry and Photochemistry, which was held at the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, June [24][25][26][27]1947 where B and C may represent a variety of free-radical and molecular species, and where reactions analogous to 2 and 3 may be written for B+ and B*. A full discussion requires also some analysis of the other fates of excited particles (fluorescence, collisional deactivation, and reaction) and of the fates of various radicals and any other chemically active species.…”

“…Early investigations on the preparation and properties of beryllium fluoride were carried out by Lebeau (4,5). He found that basic residues of varying composition resulted on evaporation of aqueous beryllium fluoride solutions, but that anhydrous fluoride could be prepared by heating the double ammonium beryl-…”

General and physical chemistry

“…~~~ A striking contrast between the chemical effects produced by irradiation in the liquid and the gaseous state is provided by a study of the a-particle irradiation of n-hexane, cyclohexane, and benzene.362 In the gaseous phase the yields for each substance differ by a maximum factor of three, a completely different result from the effect of electrons on the liquids. 363 In contrast to earlier findings for the effect of =-particle irradiation on ethylene, an investigation of the y-irradiation of this gas showed no substantial yield of hydrogen gas or of saturated hydrocarbons.364 The main reaction is a chain polymerisation having an ionic yield of about 30. 365 The synthesis of ammonia by y-irradiation of nitrogen-hydrogen mixtures has also been…”

Elementary Processes in Radiation Chemistry. II. Negative Ion Formation by Electron Capture in Neutral Molecules1,2,3

“…This system has been discussed by the authors3 and a detailed calculation using the variational method has been made by Hirschfelder.7 The two potential curves for H2~, both dissociating into + H-, are easily understood qualitatively in terms of molecular orbitals. 6 In its ground state the H2 molecule has its two valence electrons in the lowest (bonding) molecular orbital. When the molecule adds an electron to form H2~, the added electron can go to the next higher (anti-bonding) orbital.…”

“…Heat of reaction XY + e -* X-+ Y> Values for diatomic molecules were obtained from Gaydon,ref. 19; sources for bonds in polyatomic molecules indicated 6. Calculated with electron affinities of TableI."…”