Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the southern hemisphere

Viljoen, Jan‐Adriaan; Muasya, A. Muthama; Barrett, Russell L.; Bruhl, Jeremy J.; Gibbs, Adele K.; Slingsby, Jasper A.; Wilson, Karen L.; Verboom, G. Anthony

doi:10.3732/ajb.1300105

Cited by 40 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…South America and Australia were therefore a nearly continuous landmass until at least the Palaeocene. These results are consistent with the independent analysis of tribe Schoeneae as presented by Viljoen et al (2013), and are not biased by our temporal partitioning of the model, which maintains constant dispersal probabilities between Australia and Africa since the end of the Cretaceous. Nothofagaceae Kuprian, Swenson et al, 2001;Fuchsia L., Berry et al, 2004;Proteaceae Juss., Milner et al, 2015;Brassicales Brom., Cardinal-McTeague et al, 2016).…”

Section: Ancestral Area Estimations Suggest a Tropical Museum But Mulsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…First, we find that an interplay of migration and extinction events between South America and Australia in the Cretaceous, at the exclusion of Africa, account for geographical divergence of early sedge lineages in the Southern Hemisphere. Givnish & Renner, 2004;Sytsma et al, 2004;Viljoen et al, 2013;Berger et al, 2015), coincided with the diversification of tribes Schoeneae, Bisboechelereae, Trilepideae, Rhynchosporeae, Fuireneae and Abildgaardieae. South America and Australia were therefore a nearly continuous landmass until at least the Palaeocene.…”

Section: Ancestral Area Estimations Suggest a Tropical Museum But Mulmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Biogeography of the cosmopolitan sedges (Cyperaceae) and the area‐richness correlation in plants

Spalink

Drew²,

Pace

et al. 2016

Journal of Biogeography

106

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Aim Across angiosperm families, the area occupied by a family is strongly correlated with its richness. We explore the causes of this area‐richness correlation using the cosmopolitan family, Cyperaceae Juss., as a model. We test the hypothesis that, despite a proposed tropical origin, temperate lineages in the family diversified at elevated rates. We test the hypothesis that the area‐richness correlation is maintained within intrafamilial clades, and that this relationship could be described as a function of niche space. We also test the hypothesis that the partitioning of geographical and ecological space, not the extent of this space, is the factor most closely associated with clade richness. Location Cosmopolitan. Methods We use molecular data from four genes sequenced in 384 taxa to develop a chronogram of Cyperaceae. We then develop a model of ancestral ranges and measure rates of diversification throughout the history of the family. Integrating data from over 4,800,000 digitized herbarium records, we characterize the range and niche of more than 4500 species and test for correlations of the species richness maintained within clades with range size, range partitioning, range overlap, niche, clade age and rate of diversification. Results Cyperaceae originated in South America in the late Cretaceous and subsequently dispersed throughout the globe. Of three increases in diversification rate, two occurred in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The variable most closely associated with clade richness is the partitioning of geographical space by species within each clade. Main conclusions We show that species‐rich clades in Cyperaceae are not only more widespread, occupy more niche space, and diversify more quickly, but also exhibit patterns that are consistent with the partitioning of geographical and ecological space as a major correlate to diversification.

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Section: Ancestral Area Estimations Suggest a Tropical Museum But Mulsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Ancestral Area Estimations Suggest a Tropical Museum But Mulmentioning

confidence: 92%

Biogeography of the cosmopolitan sedges (Cyperaceae) and the area‐richness correlation in plants

Spalink

Drew²,

Pace

et al. 2016

Journal of Biogeography

106

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“…The occurrence of dispersal events is clearly biased towards more recent times, especially to the last 10 My corresponding to the most recent 25% of the age of the genus. LDD has often been invoked to explain widely disjunct ranges in Carex and Cyperaceae as a whole (e.g., Escudero et al, ; Viljoen et al, ; Gebauer et al, ; Spalink et al, ; Míguez et al, ; Villaverde et al, ). A skewed distribution of dispersal events towards present times has also been observed in other groups in which LDD is regarded as a critical process shaping their biogeographic patterns (Tripp & McDade, ; Dupin et al, ; Ruhfel et al, ; Rose et al, ; Huang et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of Carex (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification

Martín‐Bravo

Jiménez‐Mejías

Villaverde

et al. 2019

J of Sytematics Evolution

168

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The megadiverse genus Carex (c. 2000 species, Cyperaceae) has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, displaying an inverted latitudinal richness gradient with higher species diversity in cold‐temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Despite great expansion in our knowledge of the phylogenetic history of the genus and many molecular studies focusing on the biogeography of particular groups during the last few decades, a global analysis of Carex biogeography and diversification is still lacking. For this purpose, we built the hitherto most comprehensive Carex‐dated phylogeny based on three markers (ETS–ITS–matK), using a previous phylogenomic Hyb‐Seq framework, and a sampling of two‐thirds of its species and all recognized sections. Ancestral area reconstruction, biogeographic stochastic mapping, and diversification rate analyses were conducted to elucidate macroevolutionary biogeographic and diversification patterns. Our results reveal that Carex originated in the late Eocene in E Asia, where it probably remained until the synchronous diversification of its main subgeneric lineages during the late Oligocene. E Asia is supported as the cradle of Carex diversification, as well as a “museum” of extant species diversity. Subsequent “out‐of‐Asia” colonization patterns feature multiple asymmetric dispersals clustered toward present times among the Northern Hemisphere regions, with major regions acting both as source and sink (especially Asia and North America), as well as several independent colonization events of the Southern Hemisphere. We detected 13 notable diversification rate shifts during the last 10 My, including remarkable radiations in North America and New Zealand, which occurred concurrently with the late Neogene global cooling, which suggests that diversification involved the colonization of new areas and expansion into novel areas of niche space.

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“…This does not rule out the possibility that LDD may have contributed to gene flow between C. furva and C. lucennoiberica, which were not fully continuous during glacial periods. LDD is not uncommon in the Cyperaceae (Viljoen et al., ), including Carex (e.g., Villaverde, Escudero, Luceño, & Martín‐Bravo, ; Villaverde, Escudero, Martín‐Bravo et al., ). This fact notwithstanding, our study strongly supports asymmetrical introgression during periods of secondary contact due to range expansion and LDD as the dominant cause of gene flow between C. furva and C. lucennoiberica .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allopatric speciation despite historical gene flow: Divergence and hybridization in Carex furva and C. lucennoiberica (Cyperaceae) inferred from plastid and nuclear RAD‐seq data

2017

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Gene flow among incipient species can act as a creative or destructive force in the speciation process, generating variation on which natural selection can act while, potentially, undermining population divergence. The flowering plant genus Carex exhibits a rapid and relatively recent radiation with many species limits still unclear. This is the case with the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal)-endemic C. lucennoiberica, which lay unrecognized within Carex furva until its recent description as a new species. In this study, we test how these species were impacted by interspecific gene flow during speciation. We sampled the full range of distribution of C. furva (15 individuals sampled) and C. lucennoiberica (88 individuals), sequenced two cpDNA regions (atpI-atpH, psbA-trnH) and performed genomic sequencing of 45,100 SNPs using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). We utilized a set of partitioned D-statistic tests and demographic analyses to study the degree and direction of introgression. Additionally, we modelled species distributions to reconstruct changes in range distribution during glacial and interglacial periods. Plastid, nuclear and morphological data strongly support divergence between species with subsequent gene flow. Combined with species distribution modelling, these data support a scenario of allopatry leading to species divergence, followed by secondary contact and gene flow due to long-distance dispersal and/or range expansions and contractions in response to Quaternary glacial cycles. We conclude that this is a case of allopatric speciation despite historical secondary contacts, which could have temporally influenced the speciation process, contributing to the knowledge of forces that are driving or counteracting speciation.

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Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the southern hemisphere

Cited by 40 publications

References 101 publications

Biogeography of the cosmopolitan sedges (Cyperaceae) and the area‐richness correlation in plants

Biogeography of the cosmopolitan sedges (Cyperaceae) and the area‐richness correlation in plants

A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of Carex (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification

Allopatric speciation despite historical gene flow: Divergence and hybridization in Carex furva and C. lucennoiberica (Cyperaceae) inferred from plastid and nuclear RAD‐seq data

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