Radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flap as a solution in case of Noma

Bene, Massimo Del; Amadei, Federico; Petrolati, M.; Rovati, Luca Vittorio; Confalonieri, Pier Luigi; Caronni, Ernesto P.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2752(1999)19:1<3::aid-micr2>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…There is a shift in reporting of noma from primarily in Europe and India in the 1800’s [ 4 , 10 , 12 , 19 – 32 ], to parts of Africa and North America in the 1900’s [ 11 , 15 , 17 , 22 , 33 – 77 ], to Africa, South America and Asia in the 2000’s [ 6 – 9 , 14 , 16 , 78 – 150 ] ( Fig 2 ). Noma cases were reported in Irish and British soldiers in India the 1880’s [ 26 , 28 ]; in Belsen and Auschwitz concentration camps during the Second World War [ 9 , 14 , 17 , 45 , 139 , 151 , 152 ] and in the general war-time population of the Netherlands following the famine in the winter of 1944/1945 [ 139 ]. Since the Second World War, as living conditions improved, the occurrence of noma in Europe dramatically decreased and is only sporadically reported in the region today [ 80 , 81 , 83 , 129 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noma (cancrum oris): A scoping literature review of a neglected disease (1843 to 2021)

Farley

Mehta

Srour³

et al. 2021

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Noma (cancrum oris) is an ancient but neglected and poorly understood preventable disease, afflicting the most disenfranchised populations in the world. It is a devastating and often fatal condition that requires urgent and intensive clinical and surgical care, often difficult to access as most cases of noma occur in resource-limited settings. We conducted a scoping review of the literature published on noma to understand the size and scope of available research on the disease and identify research gaps that need to be addressed to evolve our understanding of how to address this disease. Methods We searched 11 databases and collected primary peer reviewed articles on noma in all languages, the final search was conducted on 24th August 2021. The oldest manuscript identified was from 28th March 1843 and the most recently published manuscript was from 3rd June 2021. Search terms included cancrum oris and noma. Data was extracted using a standardised data extraction tool and key areas of interest were identified. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic review and Meta-Analyses requirements were followed. Results The review included 147 articles, the majority of the studies (n = 94, 64%) were case reports. Most manuscripts (n = 81, 55%) were published in the 2000s, 49 (33%) were from the 1900s and 17 (12%) from the 1800s. The main areas of interest identified were the history and epidemiology of the disease, noma’s clinical progression and aetiology, treatment regimens, mortality rates and the risk factors for the development of noma. Conclusions Noma has been reported in the literature for hundreds of years; however important gaps in our understanding of the disease remain. Future research should focus on determining the burden and distribution of disease; the true mortality rate, pathogenic cause(s) and the factors that influence prognosis and outcomes after treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noma (cancrum oris): A scoping literature review of a neglected disease (1843 to 2021)

Farley

Mehta

Srour³

et al. 2021

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…The procedures performed rely on regional flaps and local tissue and are in line with other reported surgical techniques used to treat noma. 6 , 8 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 31 , 32 Other providers have described the use of free flaps 33 , 34 however, given the technical and resource demands of microsurgery, these techniques are not currently utilised at the NCH. The surgical programme instead enlists older but reliable reconstructive techniques that are less risky in this context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes at 18 mo of 37 noma (cancrum oris) cases surgically treated at the Noma Children's Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Farley

Amirtharajah

Winters

et al. 2020

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Background Noma is a rapidly progressing infection of the oral cavity frequently resulting in severe facial disfigurement. We present a case series of noma patients surgically treated in northwest Nigeria. Methods A retrospective analysis of routinely collected data (demographics, diagnosis and surgical procedures undergone) and in-person follow-up assessments (anthropometry, mouth opening and quality of life measurements) were conducted with patients who had surgery >6 mo prior to data collection. Results Of the 37 patients included, 21 (56.8%) were male and 22 (62.9%) were aged >6 y. The median number of months between last surgery and follow-up was 18 (IQR 13, 25) mo. At admission, the most severely affected anatomical area was the outer cheek (n = 9; 36.0% of patients had lost between 26% and 50%). The most frequent surgical procedures were the deltopectoral flap (n = 16; 43.2%) and trismus release (n = 12; 32.4%). For the eight trismus-release patients where mouth opening was documented at admission, all had a mouth opening of 0–20 mm at follow-up. All patients reported that the surgery had improved their quality of life. Conclusions Following their last surgical intervention, noma patients do experience some improvements in their quality of life, but debilitating long-term sequelae persist.

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Reconstruction of the Maxilla with Prefabricated Scapular Flaps in Noma Patients

Vinzenz

Holle²,

Würinger³

2008

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flap as a solution in case of Noma

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Noma (cancrum oris): A scoping literature review of a neglected disease (1843 to 2021)

Noma (cancrum oris): A scoping literature review of a neglected disease (1843 to 2021)

Outcomes at 18 mo of 37 noma (cancrum oris) cases surgically treated at the Noma Children's Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Reconstruction of the Maxilla with Prefabricated Scapular Flaps in Noma Patients

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