Radar Interferometric Measurements With a Planar Patch Antenna Array

Nilsson, Emil; Bååth, Lars B.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2006.890120

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Unfortunately, this scanning process is very time consuming since the rotating chute periodically shadows parts of the surface, which in turn delays a calculation of the reconstructed surface and thus delivers insufficient measurement results. A system based on interferometric techniques has been published in [15]. However, both, its angular and distance resolution, are significantly lower compared to the radar sensor presented in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

BLASTDAR—A Large Radar Sensor Array System for Blast Furnace Burden Surface Imaging

et al. 2015

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In this paper, we present a radar sensor system for real-time blast furnace burden surface imaging inside a fully operative blast furnace, called BLASTDAR, the blast furnace radar. The designed frequency-modulated continuouswave (FMCW) radar sensor array operates in the frequency band around 77 GHz and consists of several nonuniformly spaced receive and transmit antennas, making it a multiple-input multiple-output radar system with large aperture. Mechanical steering is replaced by digital array processing techniques. Off-the-shelf automotive-qualified multichannel monolithic microwave integrated circuits are used. By means of this configuration, a virtual antenna array with 256 elements was developed that guarantees the desired angular resolution of better than 3°, and a range resolution of about 15 cm. Based on the single-channel FMCW signal model, this paper will derive a multichannel signal model in combination with a digital beamforming approach and further advanced signal processing algorithms. The implementation of a simulation tool covering the whole design process is shown. Based on these simulation results, a system configuration is chosen and the obtained setup is defined and presented. A description of the manufactured cost-efficient radio frequency and baseband boards together with the housing design shows the practical implementation of the sensor. For the system calibration, two different methods are listed and compared regarding their performance. Verification measurements confirm the predicted performance of the developed sensor. Several measurements inside a fully operational blast furnace demonstrate the proper long-term functionality of the system, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time worldwide. It is in continuous operation since about two years in blast furnace #5 of voestalpine Stahl GmbH, Linz.Index Terms-Sensor array, digital beamforming, speckle effect, radar imaging, blast furnace. 1530-437X has been a Key Researcher with the Austrian Center of Competence in Mechatronics, where he is responsible for numerous industrial projects. Since 2011, he has been a Full Professor with Johannes Kepler University Linz, where he is heading the Department for RF-Systems. He has authored or co-authored over 320 journal and conference papers. His research is focused on microwave sensor systems for industrial and automotive applications, radar concepts, SiGe-based circuit design, microwave packaging in eWLB, RF and microwave subsystems, surface acoustic wave sensor systems and applications, and digital signal processing for sensor signal evaluation. He is a member of the Austrian ÖVE. He has served as an Associate Editor of the IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS. He currently serves as the Co-Chair of the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques (MTT)-27 Wireless-Enabled Automotive and Vehicular Applications. He was a recipient of several awards, including the 2008 IEEE MTT Society Stefan Scheiblhofer (S'03-M'

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

BLASTDAR—A Large Radar Sensor Array System for Blast Furnace Burden Surface Imaging

et al. 2015

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“…Due to the existence of the raw material barrel, rotating chute and gas outlet 18) the available area in which to sight a radar installation is limited to the top of BF. For this reason the T-shaped MIMO radar has been mounted on the repair port.…”

Section: Radar Installationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3)) was created by using the method of stationary phase, that is to say the decomposition of a spherical wave into plane wave. 21,22) The signal model can be derived as follows: Where the dispersion relations [18] are formulated as fol- According to Eq. (6), scaling of the Jacobian coefficients, 17) formulated in 2-D planar MIMO format, can be written as:…”

Section: Signal Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-Dimension Burden Surface Imaging System with T-shaped MIMO Radar in the Blast Furnace

et al. 2015

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This paper presents a T-shaped MIMO radar imaging system for use within a Blast Furnace. A T-shaped MIMO antenna array consisting of 32 antenna elements has been developed. A dielectric loaded waveguide is employed as the antenna element. The antenna has good mechanical hardness and is resistant to dust and high temperature. A cooling system, employing a combination of Nitrogen and water, has been designed for this application. The function of cooling system is to maintain the temperature inside the radar between 30°C and 65°C whilst the outside temperature varies from 80°C to 200°C. A pilot study has been conducted using a prototype version of the radar system installed upon the coke surface. In this way it was possible to obtain measurement results concerned with a real burden surface distribution. These results have been carefully compared with results obtained via computer simulation.

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“…The interferometer approach was chosen since the harsh environment inside the furnace during production prevents the use of conventional camera technology. A more comprehensive description of the interferometer operation is to be presented elsewhere 5) and is therefore omitted here. Figure 10 shows a photograph of the antenna installed in the charging model close to the rotating chute.…”

Section: Blast Furnace Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%