Radar climatology of the COPS region

Weckwerth, Tammy M.; Wilson, James W.; Hagen, Martin; Emerson, Tracy J.; Pinto, James O.; Rife, Daran L.; Grebe, Leslie

doi:10.1002/qj.747

Cited by 61 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…This is caused by an overestimated numerical diffusion inducing too strong outflow under convective cells and explains the observed sensitivity of the precipitation to the underlying topography. This also accounts for the strong overestimation of precipitation in the late afternoon and evening hours in the averaged diurnal cycle (Figure 6), the time of the day when convective initiation occurred frequently during COPS (Aoshima et al, 2008;Weckwerth et al, 2011). In the current operational version, the numerical diffusion is reduced and a semiLagrangian horizontal diffusion following Vana et al (2008) is applied for microphysical properties.…”

Section: Aromementioning

confidence: 92%

Predictive skill of a subset of models participating in D‐PHASE in the COPS region

Bauer

Weusthoff

Dorninger

et al. 2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Section: Aromementioning

confidence: 92%

Predictive skill of a subset of models participating in D‐PHASE in the COPS region

Bauer

Weusthoff

Dorninger

et al. 2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…The region is well known for convective events during summertime, and several studies have shown the effects of orography on convection (e.g. Hannesen, 1998;Gysi, 1998;Dotzek, 2001;Barthlott et al, 2006;Meissner et al, 2007;Behrendt et al, 2011;Corsmeier et al, 2011;Weckwerth et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the wind profile on the initiation of convection in mountainous terrain

Hagen

Baelen

Richard

2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…For the low-lying Florida peninsula, the sea-breeze is recognised as a primary mechanism for convective storm initiation and maintenance (Wakimoto and Atkins 1994;Wilson and Megenhardt 1997). Furthermore, atmospheric processes associated with topography (e.g., Banta and Schaaf 1987;Weisman 1990a;Weckwerth et al 2011), urban landscapes (e.g., Chen et al 2007;Niyogi et al 2011;Haberlie et al 2015b) and reservoirs (Haberlie et al 2015) influence the development of convective storms. Therefore, to develop a clear understanding of the convective environment in complex physical settings such as coastal regions, contemporary storm concepts must be incorporated with a comprehensive understanding of the PBL.…”

Section: Convective Storms and Coastal Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, clouds often develop first over mountainous regions, in contrast to neighbouring to valleys and plains. This process can be seen across a diverse number of environments, including the European Alps (Weckwerth et al 2011;Nisi et al 2016), Colorado Rocky Mountains (Banta and Schaaf 1987;Cintineo et al 2012), Appalachian…”

Section: Surface Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At these scales, the lifecycle of individual convective cells can be examined in addition to the influence of PBL convergence zones, including sea breezes (e.g., Wakimoto and Atkins 1994;Wilson and Megenhardt 1997), gust fronts (e.g., Weckwerth and Wakimoto 1992;Kingsmill 1995;May 1999), orographic effects (e.g., Weckwerth et al 2011;Nisi et al 2016) and urban landscapes (e.g., Niyogi et al 2011;Haberlie et al 2015b).…”

Section: Climatological Studies Of Australian Convective Stormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The coastal convective interactions experiment

Soderholm¹

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Prediction of convective storm environments relies principally upon the broad-scale meteorology (e.g., synoptic boundaries and air masses) in contrast to local-scale (2 -20 km) processes within the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Diurnal heating of the Earth's heterogeneous surface at these finer scales forces circulations (e.g., sea breezes, valley winds, urban heat island circulations) which have been related to trends in the meteorological and climatological activity of storms; however, a quantitative understanding of their interactions with deep convection is limited. This is especially true for physical settings which support a variety of PBL circulations that challenge our understanding of ii Detailed analysis of the CCIE climatology datasets provided an understanding of SEQ hailstorms across a range of spatiotemporal scales. At the inter-annual time scale, the ElNiño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was shown to have a statistically significant relationship with both hailstorm and sea breeze frequency in SEQ. Synoptic scale southeasterly changes that were found to couple with sea breezes provide the most favourable environment for hailstorms, particularly for southwest SEQ. At the mesoscale, hail development within convective cells was found to be most frequent within the inland limb of maritime air masses on sea breeze days. It was concluded, that the maritime sea breeze air is potentially favourable for convection after modification through inland propagation and the associated entrainment of sensible heat.Investigation of the CCIE field campaign datasets show that diurnal modification of the coastal PBL by near-surface and boundary layer processes provide favourable preconditioning for convective storms. This includes: (1) early sea breeze onset for the city of Brisbane due an urban heat island enhanced land-sea thermal contrast, (2) significant afternoon warming and moistening above the sea breeze attributed to the advection of the inland convective boundary layer coastward under prevailing westerly flow, and (3) substantial variations in near-surface moisture likely associated with topography and landuse. For the 27 November 2014 Brisbane case study hailstorm event, which caused damages exceeding $1.5 billion AUD, these diurnal preconditioning processes are shown to be favourable for the development of a mesoscale convective environment capable of supporting large hailstone growth. The multicell-HP supercell storm mode identified for this event and previous similar events in SEQ is hypothesised to be more sensitive to variations in near-surface and boundary layer instability. This is in contrast to contemporary supercell storms, highlighting the importance of PBL observations for developing an understanding of convective storms in subtropical coastal environments.In summary, this thesis provides a substantial and original contribution towards understanding of subtropical coastal storm environments. The integration of meteorological and climatological datasets from the CCIE provided a wealth of evi...

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Radar climatology of the COPS region

Cited by 61 publications

References 19 publications

Predictive skill of a subset of models participating in D‐PHASE in the COPS region

Predictive skill of a subset of models participating in D‐PHASE in the COPS region

Influence of the wind profile on the initiation of convection in mountainous terrain

The coastal convective interactions experiment

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