Racism and Psychiatry

Thomas, Alexander; Sillen, Samuel; Hammond, Peter B.

doi:10.1016/s0002-7138(09)61177-8

Cited by 61 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Institutional racism has been a major impediment to clinical research on African Americans ( Thomas & Sillen, 1972 ). Historically, the question of African American mental health has been used politically as a justification for slavery, as a "scientific" rationale for segregation, and to reinforce the concept of African American racial inferiority ( Williams, 1986 ).…”

Section: Obstacles To Clinical Research With African Americansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recruitment and retention of African American patients for clinical research: An exploration of response rates in an urban psychiatric hospital.

Thompson¹,

Neighbors²,

Munday³

et al. 1996

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

108

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The issues related to recruiting African American psychiatric inpatients are discussed in the context of a study on the influence of ethnicity on psychiatric diagnosis. Ethnically diverse psychiatric residents interviewed 960 Black and White inpatients in 2 urban psychiatric hospitals. Despite the obstacles cited in the literature about recruiting and retaining African Americans into research, 78% of this sample were African American. In addition, interview completion and refusal rates did not differ by patient ethnicity. Results suggest that matching interviewer and patient ethnicity did not influence African Americans' likelihood of participating in or of refusing an interview. This article summarizes a number of guidelines that others may find useful in conducting clinical research with African Americans, ranging from the formation of academic-public liaisons to interviewer training.

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Section: Obstacles To Clinical Research With African Americansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recruitment and retention of African American patients for clinical research: An exploration of response rates in an urban psychiatric hospital.

Thompson¹,

Neighbors²,

Munday³

et al. 1996

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As a result, the diagnostic nomenclature and criteria for discriminating one disorder from another are equally applicable to blacks and whites. Diagnostic errors (if they occur) are the result of stereotypes that clinicians have about black people (Thomas & Sillen, 1972).…”

Section: A Fundamental Contradictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of racial factors on psychiatric diagnosis: A review and suggestions for research

Neighbors

Jackson

Campbell

et al. 1989

Community Ment Health J

215

100

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ABSTRACT:Research on race and diagnosis initially focused on black-white differences in depression and schizophrenia. Statistics showing a higher treated prevalence of schizophrenia and a lower prevalence of depression for blacks seemed to support the claim that blacks did not suffer from depression. Others argued, however, that clinicians were misdiagnosing depression in blacks. This article reviews empirical studies of racial differences in individual symptoms and summarizes the evidence on misdiagnosis. It argues that more attention must be paid to resolving two contradictory assumptions made by researchers working in the area of race and diagnostic inference: (1) blacks and whites exhibit symptomatology similarly but diagnosticians mistakenly assume that they are different; (2) blacks and whites display psychopathology" in different ways but diagnosticians are unaware of or insensitive to such cultural differences. The article concludes with suggested research directions and a discussion of critical research issues.

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“…This study suggests that black psychiatric patients in Britain, like those in Ethnic Minorities and Psychiatric Services 199 the United States (7,8,II), are more likely to receive physical treatment and to see a junior member of the therapeutic team. To what extent can these findings be explained by demographic differences between black and white?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In the United States black patients are less likely than whites to receive psychoanalysis or psychotherapy, to have a broad range of treatments or to have an individual treatment programme offered, and they are more likely to receive physical treatment (7,8). They are more likely to be hospitalised for the same diagnosis (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hollingshead and Redlich (12) demonstrated that differences in social class contributed to a differential use of psychiatric facilities (private/public, psychotherapy compared with ECT or pharmacotherapy) which was independent of diagnosis. White patients are, however, preferentially selected for psychotherapy independent of class: this has been associated with a stereotype of the black psychiatric patient as unable to internalise or express his or her feelings (7,13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnic Minorities and Psychiatric Services

Littlewood

Cross

1980

Sociology Health & Illness

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Black psychiatric out-patients appear to be more likely to receive various physical treatments than do British born patients or white immigrants: major tranquillisers and electroconvulsive therapy. Both black patients and white immigrants are more likely to receive intramuscular medication than the British born and have a pattern of out-patient attendance which involves self-referrals, missed appointments and being seen on booked appointments by the most junior members of the therapeutic team. These findings cannot all be adequately interpreted as the result of demographic differences or differing conceptions of mental illness and readiness to seek treatment. They appear to involve either (a) Differences in psychiatric phenomenology which have not been recognised or (b) Stereotyped attitudes of mental health professionals.

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Racism and Psychiatry

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Recruitment and retention of African American patients for clinical research: An exploration of response rates in an urban psychiatric hospital.

Recruitment and retention of African American patients for clinical research: An exploration of response rates in an urban psychiatric hospital.

The influence of racial factors on psychiatric diagnosis: A review and suggestions for research

Ethnic Minorities and Psychiatric Services

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