Racial Identity and the MMPI in African American Male College Students.

Abstract

The relation of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) to the Racial Identity Attitude Scale--Black, Short Form (RIAS-B) was examined among 50 African American male college students in a reanalysis of unpublished MMPI data described in R. H. Dana (1993). This permitted study of relationships between MMPI scores and specific psychological variables hypothesized to produce cultural differences among African Americans. Results indicated RIAS-B scale scores functioned as predictors of MMPI scale scores. Similar research with the MMPI-2 incorporating larger samples that more adequately represent African American heterogeneity is needed. Methodological implications of these findings for MMPI-2 research with ethnic and racial groups are discussed, emphasizing the importance of research to depathologize African American racial and cultural identity.

Examining Racial Identity and Masculinity as Correlates of Self‐Esteem and Psychological Distress in Black Men

“…A comparison of means and standard deviations from our study with those of other samples using the same measures indicated that our sample was within half a standard deviation of Black college men on Pre-Encounter and Internalization scores (Whatley, Allen, & Dana, 2003) and within half a standard deviation of mostly White college men on the CMNI Total score (Mahalik, Locke, et al, 2003), self-esteem scores (Cournoyer & Mahalik, 1995), and GSI scores (Todd, Deane, & McKenna, 1997). Our sample was lower but within one standard deviation of Black college men on Immersion-Emersion scores (Whatley et al, 2003).…”

“…Our sample was lower but within one standard deviation of Black college men on Immersion-Emersion scores (Whatley et al, 2003).…”

The Role of Treatment Setting and High Acuity in the Overdiagnosis of Schizophrenia in African Americans

“…Finally, diagnostic instruments that are used to assess symptoms may be culturally biased (Adebimpe, 1981). In a study of 50 AA male college students who were given the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Racial Identity Attitude Scale-Black, Short-Form (RIAS-B), scores on the RIAS-B that indicated normative racial identity were associated with MMPI scales for antisocial personality attributes (P = .012; Whatley et al, 2003).…”

Racial Identity Status Profiles and Expressions of Anger in Black Americans: An Exploratory Study

“…se discuten las implicaciones para la investigación y la consejería. R acial identity is now a widely accepted construct within the psychological literature and has been associated with an array of variables ranging from intrapsychic processes, such as self-esteem and personality (Mumford, 1994;Whatley, Allen, & Dana, 2003), to cognitively based outcomes, such as academic performance and perceptions of counselors (Want, Parham, Baker, & Sherman, 2004). Given that racial identity statuses are considered to be an aspect of personality (Carter, 1995), it is reasonable to assume that racial identity statuses would be related to various types of emotional states, social beliefs, and aspects of psychosocial competence (Carter, DeSole, Sicalides, Glass, & Tyler, 1997;Carter, Helms, & Juby, 2004).…”