Racial/ethnic and gender differences in the association between depressive symptoms and higher body mass index

Kodjebacheva, Gergana; Kruger, Daniel J.; Rybarczyk, Greg; Cupal, Suzanne

doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdu062

Cited by 18 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These findings coincide with the results of other studies on the differential effects of the association between obesity and major depressive disorder by race and gender (Gavin et al, 2010; Hicken et al, 2013; Assari, 2014a,b,c; Assari and Caldwell, 2015; Hawkins et al, 2015; Kodjebacheva et al, 2015). The results of this study in Black men and women are in agreement with a number of studies examining the “Jolly Fat” hypothesis, which supports that higher body mass index and obesity in women is associated with less depression (Jasienska et al, 2005; Kim et al, 2010; Yu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous cross-sectional (Gavin et al, 2010; Hicken et al, 2013; Assari, 2014a,c; Assari and Caldwell, 2015; Kodjebacheva et al, 2015) and longitudinal (Hawkins et al, 2015) research had shown that the link between obesity and depressive symptoms depends on the intersection of race and gender (Assari, 2014b). The way in which physical activity shapes our perceived health is, however, universal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, research has consistently shown that obesity impacts psychological well-being (Wynne et al, 2014; Chang et al, 2016; Global BMIMC, 2016), a growing body of evidence suggests that psychosocial correlates of obesity may depend on race (Kodjebacheva et al, 2015; Murphy et al, 2015; Kelley et al, 2016), gender (Assari and Caldwell, 2015; Kodjebacheva et al, 2015), and their intersection (Assari and Lankarani, 2015a). Whether race by gender groups differ in the link between sustained obesity and psychosocial distress is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustained Obesity and Depressive Symptoms over 6 Years: Race by Gender Differences in the Health and Retirement Study

Carter

Assari

2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Although obesity and physical activity influence psychosocial well-being, these effects may vary based on race, gender, and their intersection. Using 6-year follow-up data of a nationally representative sample of adults over age of 50 in the United States, this study aimed to explore race by gender differences in additive effects of sustained high body mass index (BMI) and physical activity on sustained depressive symptoms (CES-D) and self-rated health (SRH).Methods: Data came from waves 7, 8, and 10 (2004–2010) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), an ongoing national cohort started in 1992. The study enrolled a representative sample of Americans (n = 19,280) over the age of 50. Latent factors were used to calculate sustained high BMI and physical activity (predictors) and sustained poor SRH and high depressive symptoms (outcomes) based on measurements in 2004, 2006, and 2010. Age, education, and income were confounders. Multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the additive effects of BMI and physical activity on depressive symptoms and SRH, where the groups were defined based on race by gender.Results: Group differences were apparent in the direction and significance of the association between sustained high BMI and depressive symptoms. The association between sustained high BMI and depressive symptoms was positive and significant for White women (B = 0.03, p = 0.007) and non-significant for White men (B = −0.03, p = 0.062), Black men (B = −0.02, p = 0.564) and Black women (B = 0.03, p = 0.110). No group differences were found in the paths from sustained physical activity to depressive symptoms, or from physical activity or BMI to SRH.Conclusion: Sustained high BMI and high depressive symptoms after age 50 are positively associated only for White women. As the association between sustained health problems such as depression and obesity are not universal across race and gender groups, clinical and public health interventions and programs that simultaneously target multiple health problems may have differential effects across race by gender groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustained Obesity and Depressive Symptoms over 6 Years: Race by Gender Differences in the Health and Retirement Study

Carter

Assari

2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…49,50 Anxiety and depression are more common in women than men, 51,52 and in adults, obesity is more strongly associated with anxiety and depression in women compared with men. 51,53 There are few human data regarding sex differences in the impact of maternal obesity on risk of anxiety and depression in offspring. 54,55 Because of the potential for confounding, a direct effect of maternal obesity on offspring anxiety-like and depressive behaviors may be more easily evaluated using animal models (see later).…”

Section: Anxiety and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal obesity and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in offspring

2016

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There is a growing body of evidence from both human epidemiologic and animal studies that prenatal and lactational exposure to maternal obesity and high-fat diet are associated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in offspring. These disorders include cognitive impairment, autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cerebral palsy, anxiety and depression, schizophrenia, and eating disorders. This review synthesizes human and animal data linking maternal obesity and high-fat diet consumption to abnormal fetal brain development and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric morbidity in offspring. In addition, it highlights key mechanisms by which maternal obesity and maternal diet might impact fetal and offspring neurodevelopment, including neuroinflammation; increased oxidative stress, dysregulated insulin, glucose, and leptin signaling; dysregulated serotonergic and dopaminergic signaling; and perturbations in synaptic plasticity. Finally, the review summarizes available evidence regarding investigational therapeutic approaches to mitigate the harmful effects of maternal obesity on fetal and offspring neurodevelopment.

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“…The highest BMI level in men relative to women was observed in a large Western European sample [ 4 ] as well as in a Central European sample [ 5 ]. In contrast, Kodjebacheva, Kruger, Rybarczyk and Cupal [ 6 ] found that African American women had a higher BMI than African American men. Meanwhile, Furthner et al [ 7 ] demonstrated a lack of gender differences in BMI in the youngest age group (aged 10–14) of their study, yet BMI during adolescence (at the age of 17) was higher in boys and significantly decreased in girls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association between sex and body mass index as mediated by temperament in a nonclinical adult sample

Oniszczenko

Stanisławiak

2018

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between sex and body mass index (BMI) as mediated by the temperament traits postulated by the regulative theory of temperament. Methods A group of 317 subjects, including 122 men and 195 women 18–82 years old ( M = 31.93; SD = 12.64 years), was recruited from the general population to participate in the study. A cross-sectional design was applied in this study. Temperament was assessed using the formal characteristics of behaviour–temperament inventory revised version (FCB–TIR). In the sample, BMIs ranged from 16.51 to 35.56 kg/m 2 ( M = 23.31 kg/m 2 ; SD = 3.61 kg/m 2 ). Results The male group had significantly higher BMI, briskness and endurance levels and significantly lower perseveration, sensory sensitivity and emotional reactivity levels compared to the female group. No significant differences between these groups were noted in terms of activity and rhythmicity. The correlations between BMI and briskness and between BMI and endurance were positive, while the correlations between BMI and perseveration and between BMI and activity were negative. The correlations among BMI, sensory sensitivity, emotional reactivity and rhythmicity were not statistically significant. The mediation analysis showed that briskness and endurance were significant partial mediators of the relationship between sex and BMI. Conclusions Sex and two temperament traits, briskness and endurance, were the best predictors of BMI. Briskness and endurance partially mediated the relationship between sex and BMI. Level of evidence Descriptive cross-sectional study. Level V.

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Racial/ethnic and gender differences in the association between depressive symptoms and higher body mass index

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Sustained Obesity and Depressive Symptoms over 6 Years: Race by Gender Differences in the Health and Retirement Study

Sustained Obesity and Depressive Symptoms over 6 Years: Race by Gender Differences in the Health and Retirement Study

Maternal obesity and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in offspring

Association between sex and body mass index as mediated by temperament in a nonclinical adult sample

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