Racial disparities and socioeconomic status in the incidence of colorectal cancer in Arizona

Jandova, Jana; Ohlson, Eric; Torres, Beatriz; DiGiovanni, Ryan; Pandit, Viraj; Elquza, Emad; Nfonsam, Valentine

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.08.024

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In examining the reporting of missing data (MD), seven studies (4%) reported details on how MD were handled in the analysis but failed to report assumptions on the reasons for the MD. Of these studies, five reported excluding incident cases with specific MD [ 53 , 92 , 99 , 111 , 114 ], another study estimated MD by multiple imputation [ 96 ], and Zorzi et al [ 184 ] estimated missing variables via join point regression. Missing data in these studies included demographics (such as age, sex, race, country of residence), anatomic subsites, disease stage, and the number of incident cases for some of the years evaluated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of methods to estimate colorectal cancer incidence using population-based cancer registries

Alsadhan

Almaiman

Pujades-Rodriguez

et al. 2022

BMC Med Res Methodol

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Background Epidemiological studies of incidence play an essential role in quantifying disease burden, resource planning, and informing public health policies. A variety of measures for estimating cancer incidence have been used. Appropriate reporting of incidence calculations is essential to enable clear interpretation. This review uses colorectal cancer (CRC) as an exemplar to summarize and describe variation in commonly employed incidence measures and evaluate the quality of reporting incidence methods. Methods We searched four databases for CRC incidence studies published between January 2010 and May 2020. Two independent reviewers screened all titles and abstracts. Eligible studies were population-based cancer registry studies evaluating CRC incidence. We extracted data on study characteristics and author-defined criteria for assessing the quality of reporting incidence. We used descriptive statistics to summarize the information. Results This review retrieved 165 relevant articles. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) (80%) was the most commonly reported incidence measure, and the 2000 U.S. standard population the most commonly used reference population (39%). Slightly more than half (54%) of the studies reported CRC incidence stratified by anatomical site. The quality of reporting incidence methods was suboptimal. Of all included studies: 45 (27%) failed to report the classification system used to define CRC; 63 (38%) did not report CRC codes; and only 20 (12%) documented excluding certain CRC cases from the numerator. Concerning the denominator estimation: 61% of studies failed to state the source of population data; 24 (15%) indicated census years; 10 (6%) reported the method used to estimate yearly population counts; and only 5 (3%) explicitly explained the population size estimation procedure to calculate the overall average incidence rate. Thirty-three (20%) studies reported the confidence interval for incidence, and only 7 (4%) documented methods for dealing with missing data. Conclusion This review identified variations in incidence calculation and inadequate reporting of methods. We outlined recommendations to optimize incidence estimation and reporting practices. There is a need to establish clear guidelines for incidence reporting to facilitate assessment of the validity and interpretation of reported incidence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of methods to estimate colorectal cancer incidence using population-based cancer registries

Alsadhan

Almaiman

Pujades-Rodriguez

et al. 2022

BMC Med Res Methodol

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“…Fourteen articles assessed trends by calculating the relative change in incidence over a given time interval, presented as the percentage of change in rates. None of these studies reported confidence interval estimates, and only two indicated the significance of trends ( 75 , 140 ). Cheng et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical methods for measuring trends in colorectal cancer incidence in registries: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundMonitoring cancer trends in a population is essential for tracking the disease’s burden, allocating resources, and informing public health policies. This review describes variations in commonly employed methods to estimate colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence trends.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search in four databases to identify population-based studies reporting CRC incidence trends, published between January 2010 and May 2020. We extracted and described data on methods to estimate trends and assess model validity, and the software used.ResultsThis review included 145 articles based on studies conducted in five continents. The majority (93%) presented visual summaries of trends combined with absolute, relative, or annual change estimates. Fourteen (10%) articles exclusively calculated the relative change in incidence over a given time interval, presented as the percentage of change in rates. Joinpoint regression analysis was the most commonly used method for assessing incidence trends (n= 65, 45%), providing estimates of the annual percentage change (APC) in rates. Nineteen (13%) studies performed Poisson regression and 18 (12%) linear regression analysis. Age-period-cohort modeling- a type of generalized linear models- was conducted in 18 (12%) studies. Thirty-nine (37%) of the studies modeling incidence trends (n=104, 72%) indicated the method used to evaluate model fitness. The joinpoint program (52%) was the statistical software most commonly used.ConclusionThis review identified variation in the calculation of CRC incidence trends and inadequate reporting of model fit statistics. Our findings highlight the need for increasing clarity and transparency in reporting methods to facilitate interpretation, reproduction, and comparison with findings from previous studies.

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“…A Finnish study found that colon cancer incidence was higher in highly educated people than in those with a basic education (28). An American study of 40,314 patients with colorectal cancer found a negative correlation between socioeconomic status and colorectal cancer incidence (29). In contrast, a Swedish study including 82,686 patients with colorectal cancer reported that disposable income and education levels were not related to the incidence of colorectal cancer (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and prognosis of undifferentiated cancers of the digestive system: a population-based cohort study

Qiu¹,

Yan

2021

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Cases of undifferentiated cancers of the digestive system (UCDS) are occasionally encountered in clinical practice; however, no large-scale studies have described their characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, prognosis, and treatment strategies of UCDS.Methods: We used the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to evaluate clinical characteristics in UCDS patients. A cohort of 1,372 patients was included to estimate UCDS incidence; another cohort of 1,816 patients was followed up until December 31, 2017 to evaluate treatment and prognosis. The incidence, trends, treatments, overall survival, and cause-specific survival were assessed.Results: The estimated incidence of UCDS was 0.136 per 100,000 people-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.129-0.143] from 1975 to 2016 with respect to sex, age, year of diagnosis, race, region, site, income, and education. The age-adjusted rates of UCDS dropped from 0.567 per 100,000 people-years in 1978 to 0.031 per 100,000 people-years in 2016. The rates of surgery, beam radiation, and chemotherapy in patients with UCDS were 37.3%, 17.3%, and 30.7%, respectively. Overall, the 5-year cause-specific survival rate was 18%, with a median cause-specific survival of 4 months. Patient prognosis improved significantly over the decades; stage, site, year of diagnosis, surgery, beam radiation, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for UCDS mortality. Conclusions:The incidence of UCDS has decreased in the United States over the past 40 years.Patients benefited from surgery, beam radiation, and chemotherapy. The survival of patients with UCDS has improved. Further research on developing decision-making recommendations for UCDS treatment is crucial.

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Racial disparities and socioeconomic status in the incidence of colorectal cancer in Arizona

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

A systematic review of methods to estimate colorectal cancer incidence using population-based cancer registries

A systematic review of methods to estimate colorectal cancer incidence using population-based cancer registries

Statistical methods for measuring trends in colorectal cancer incidence in registries: A systematic review

Incidence and prognosis of undifferentiated cancers of the digestive system: a population-based cohort study

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