Racial differences in trust and regular source of patient care and the implications for prostate cancer screening use

Abstract

Licensed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are expected to prevent high‐risk (hr) HPV‐infections (most notably types 16 and 18). Whether HPV vaccination will change the distribution of hrHPVs at the population level is open, since competition between HPV types is not well understood. Two stratified random subcohorts (1983–1997 and 1995–2003) of 7,815 and 3,252 women with a minimum of 2 pregnancies (<32 years) were selected from the Finnish Maternity Cohort. Using ELISA based on virus‐like particles (VLP), we determined antibodies to HPV11, 16, 18 and 31 in paired sera of the women and used Poisson regression models to estimate the risk of further infection with other HPV types in those positive for HPV16 or HPV18 at baseline. Baseline HPV16 seropositivity was associated with increased risk of later infections with HPV18 (3.1, 95% CI: 1.7, 5.6). HPV18 seropositivity was associated with increased risk of HPV16 (3.9, 95% CI: 2.5, 6.1). Our observations favor a coinfection rather than superinfection model for the different HPV types and are not suggestive for type‐replacement following HPV vaccination. © 2009 UICC

Intrapersonal and community factors associated with prostate cancer screening among African-American males in the US

“…This finding is in contrast to several studies that reported an association between income and PCS. 6,15,27 Perceived health status was not associated with PCS in the current study. The finding was not supported by literature that reported AA males with higher positive health values were more likely to receive PCS.…”

“…6 AA males who earn higher incomes are more likely able to afford health insurance, have access to preventive health information and services, and receive PCS. 15,27 AAs in general are at risk for limited access to health care services that include preventive and health promotion services.…”

“…5 PCa mortality has been linked to low rates of prostate cancer screening (PCS) among AA males. 6 However, AA males are less likely to receive PCa screening or engage in preventive health behaviors. 7,8 Current standards of care in the US reflect a great deal of variability in recommended approaches to PCS.…”

Usual Primary Care Provider Characteristics of a Patient-Centered Medical Home and Mental Health Service Use

“…Support for the PCMH model is based on the foundation that patients fare better when they have a usual source of care (often defined as a routine place of care or personal physician). Patients who report having a usual source of care also report greater trust and satisfaction with their provider , 23 are more likely to receive preventive screenings and treatment for chronic health conditions , [24][25][26] and report fewer unmet service needs. 24 In addition to the known benefits of having a usual source of care, evidence suggests that the PCMH may be even more important than traditional models of care for the treatment of chronic health disorders.…”

Racial Composition of Residential Areas Associates with Access to Pre-ESRD Nephrology Care

“…Several studies have demonstrated that health foods such as fruit and vegetables and access to recreational facilities may be more limited in predominantly black urban areas. 40 -43 Cultural and health beliefs and language, communication, and trust barriers may prevent access to health care 44 and the availability of resources such as community support groups to reduce these barriers may vary by residential area.…”