“…Over the life course, some individuals remain stably employed, others show varying levels of employment, and yet others exhibit low or very sporadic employment histories. Well-established determinants of employment pathways include educational attainment (Naccarato, Brophy, & Courtney, 2010; Wiesner, Vondracek, Capaldi, & Porfeli, 2003), race (Braun, Hannan, Wolfson, Jones-Webb, & Sidney, 2000; Kmec & Fustenberg, 2002), marital status and family structure (Drobnic, Blossfeld, & Rohwer, 1999; Percheski & Wildeman, 2008), socio-economic status (Charles & DeCicca, 2008; Stewart, 2008; Willson, 2003), and general health status (García-Gómez, Jones, & Rice, 2010). Gender, and its attendant social roles, is an especially important determinate of lifetime employment patterns.…”