Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in the United States, March 2020 to February 2021

Stierman, Bryan; Abrams, Joseph Y.; Godfred‐Cato, Shana; Oster, Matthew E.; Meng, Lu; Yip, Luke; Patel, Pragna; Balachandran, Neha; Prezzato, Emily; Pierce, Timmy; Hsu, Katherine; Burns, Meagan; Pompa, Xandy Peterson; Lauro, Priscilla; Hartley, Amanda; Jones, Cassandra; Gretsch, Stephanie; Reid, Heather; Lim, Sarah; Campbell, Angela P; Belay, Ermias D.

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000003294

Cited by 50 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“… 10 Although we do not fully understand why non-Hispanic Black children had higher rates of severe MIS-C, we do have a few hypotheses: (1) reduced access to healthcare, (2) differences in ADI may be manifested by crowded homes/neighborhoods, (3) provider bias/racism, (4) distrust of the US medical system given the history of mistreatment and (5) there may be an immunogenomic component. 7 , 13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Specifically, race/ ethnicity, age and obesity have been associated with incidence and outcomes of COVID-19 infection, [2][3][4][5] as well as a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). 6,7 However, the role of social constructs (eg, socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity) on the severity of MIS-C has not been fully explored with sufficient sampling power.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Demographic Disparities in the Severity of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Savorgnan

Acosta

Alali

et al. 2022

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Demographic Disparities in the Severity of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Savorgnan

Acosta

Alali

et al. 2022

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…Patients with MIS-C, defined as those < 21 years of age, present with fever, elevated inflammatory markers, and evidence of multisystem organ involvement (Table 2 ). MIS-C has shown a higher-than-expected prevalence in the Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black populations [ 51 ]. The emerging nature of this disease subset led to many challenges for the pediatric provider.…”

Section: Mis-cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Findings in Pediatric COVID-19: A Review of Current Literature

2022

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The recent COVID-19 pandemic has afflicted over 200 million individuals to date, with many different organ systems involved. The pediatric involvement has been variable, but of note is the risk of cardiac disease in pediatric COVID-19 patients. We review here the cardiac involvement in pediatric patients with COVID-19. Several studies highlight a possible cardiotropic nature of SARS-CoV-2, and describe the disease severity in myocarditis, both symptomatic and occult, as well as MIS-C. We describe the expected clinical course of these patients and note the lack of long-term follow-up data and the concerning prevalence of continued abnormal findings on follow-up imaging. With this paucity of long-term cardiac data, we recommend consideration of advanced imaging for pediatric patients with cardiac symptoms and/or elevation of cardiac serum biomarkers.

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“… 208 , 209 However, more recent studies comparing MIS-C and COVID-19 showed an unexplained independent risk of MIS-C that continues to exist for those of Hispanic ethnicity or Black race. 210 , 211 Children affected by MIS-C tend to have fewer underlying medical conditions, with obesity a common diagnosis if chronic conditions were present. 192 , 207 While MIS-C case definitions allow for the use of SARS-CoV-2 PCR, antibodies, antigen or exposure as virologic confirmation, most children will have evidence of prior infection via SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%