Racial and ethnic differences in individual-level and area-based socioeconomic status and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders

Chen, Ruijia; Kessler, Ronald C.; Sadikova, Ekaterina; NeMoyer, Amanda; Sampson, Nancy A.; Álvarez, Kiara; Vilsaint, Corrie L.; Green, Jennifer; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Jackson, James S.; Alegrı́a, Margarita; Williams, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.09.006

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These groups include low socioeconomic status individuals who particularly perceive greater negative changes and effects within sociofamily behavior, such as emotions, habits, home activities organization, and self-perception by parents. Low socioeconomic status has a statistical inverse relation with direct medical diseases contagion including neurological (Ghaffari-Rafi, Ghaffari-Rafi, & Leon-Rojas, 2020), respiratory (Cakmak, Hebbern, Cakmak, & Vanos, 2016;Reyes et al, 2018), and mood disorders (Chen et al, 2019). Data from this study suggests that socioeconomic status is also a predictor for personal or other possible family dysfunctional behaviors, including sleep patterns, homeschooling, and diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

COVID-19 voluntary social isolation and its effects in sociofamily and children’s behavior

et al. 2020

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Introduction. The main prevention strategy for reducing the dispersion of the SARS-CoV-2 has been social distancing. Several investigations began to explore its psychological impact since it began, but there are no data about its effect on social and family behavior. Objectives. Were: First, to analyze the reliability of an ad-hoc designed questionnaire to measure sociofamily behavior changes in a sample of parents of children from one to twelve years old. Second, to characterize effects of voluntary social isolation by COVID-19 over sociofamily behavior at a personal level and over children’s activities at home. Third, to determine vulnerability predictors for a negative experience by isolation itself. Method. An online Questionnaire for Perceptions of Changes in Sociofamily Behavior was applied to 365 Mexican participants. Results. Factor analysis showed a reliability of the ad-hoc designed questionnaire for this study. Correlations were found between voluntary social isolation and self-perceived experiences, such as sleep quality, irritability, emotional control, hope about the future, motivation, attention span, and problem solving. Discussion and conclusion. The results of this study suggest that family well-being during voluntary social isolation is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon, which addresses specific effects in different domains, especially in sociofamily behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

COVID-19 voluntary social isolation and its effects in sociofamily and children’s behavior

et al. 2020

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“…A similar study indicated low-income, high salary differences among Asians were more associated with a lower risk of SUDs. Whereas for Black ethnicities, low-income was associated with a higher risk of SUDs [18,19]. In comparison, the findings of Martin (2019) indicated that participants with high-level of SES were more likely to consume cannabis, use various drugs, utilize alcohol excessively, and drink alcohol and stress-relieving substances than their peers [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for the Severity of Illicit Drug Use among the “Tokhang” Responders in the Philippines: Basis for Community-Based Drug Rehabilitation Program

Amista

Peters

2020

AJHSS

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Substance use has turned into a worldwide phenomenon influencing practically every country. Alcohol and other drugs are rapidly becoming a problem for public health. The primary purpose of this study is to screen the severity levels of drug use among “Tokhang” (Cebuano word that implies Tok-tok Hangyo, where police staff knocks the doors of an affirmed user or pusher, asking him/her politely to surrender to the police so that he/she will be checked for further assessment) responders in the municipality of Don Carlos, Philippines. The study results will provide baseline data on the severity of drug use among the responders. It is vital to know the severity level so that appropriate interventions will be formulated. This study utilized a descriptive-correlational survey design to determine the relationship between the sociodemographic profile and World Health Organization-Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (WHO-ASSIST) among the “Tokhang” responders. The majority of the Tokhang respondents were male comprising 999 (99.3 %) of the study population. In terms of marital status, 467 respondents were married (45.5%), 377 were single (37.5%), and 170 belonged in cohabitation (16.9%). In terms of educational attainment, 338 respondents reached high school level (33.7%.) and were 258 high school graduates (25.7%). Tobacco products has a (M= 19.17) followed with alcoholic beverages with (M=17.89), and lastly, amphetamine-type stimulants such as shabu were rated as (M=3.64) and described as moderate risk level, respectively. The initial results of the study will provide the basis for the community-based rehabilitation program for low and moderate risk drug use and moderate to high alcohol and tobacco use among the Tokhang responders. The Brief Intervention for Referral Treatment will be followed to implement and evaluate the program focusing on these substances.

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“…However, the effects of ethnicity and family SES are complex and inter-dependent (Assari, 2018;Assari, Boyce, Bazargan, Mincy, & Caldwell, 2019). As ethnicity and SES closely overlap (Williams, 1999;Chu, Moreira, Gerber et al, 2012;Chen, Kessler, Sadikova et al, 2019), SES may in part be responsible for ethnic variations in health (Kaufman, Cooper, & McGee, 1997). Thus, one of the best solutions to eliminate health inequality is believed to be closing the SES gap among ethnic groups (Williams, 1999;Lantz, House, Lepkowski, Williams, Mero, & Chen, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Education or Household Income? Which Socioeconomic Status Indicator Can Better Reduce Body Mass Index Disparities among Latino Children?

Assari¹,

Malekahmadi²,

Caldwell

2020

JEPF

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Aim: We compared the effects of parental education and household income on children’s Body Mass Index (BMI) in Hispanic White (HW) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) families. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and analyzed data of 5100 children between the ages of 9 and 10. The independent variables were parental education and household income. The primary outcome was BMI value. Ethnicity was the moderating variable. Confounders were age, sex, and family structure. Three mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis. Results: Overall, higher parental education and household income were associated with lower BMI levels in children. While an interaction was reported between ethnicity and parental education, no relation was noted between ethnicity and household income regarding BMI. The interaction indicated weaker protective effects of high parental education on BMI in HW children than NHW children. Household income showed similar protective effects on children’s BMI in HW and NHW families. Conclusion: Parental education but not household income loses some of its protective effects on childhood BMI among HW families compared to NHW families. Distal social determinants of health may be more vulnerable to the MDRs (minorities’ diminished returns) than proximal ones. As a result, closing the income gap may be a good strategy towards closing the childhood BMI gap between highly educated HW and NHW families. Policies that raise the minimum wage and those that help HW families save money (e.g., earned income tax policies) maybe more promising strategies to eliminate the ethnic gap in BMI than increasing the education level of ethnic minority families.

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Racial and ethnic differences in individual-level and area-based socioeconomic status and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders

Cited by 40 publications

References 43 publications

COVID-19 voluntary social isolation and its effects in sociofamily and children’s behavior

COVID-19 voluntary social isolation and its effects in sociofamily and children’s behavior

Screening for the Severity of Illicit Drug Use among the “Tokhang” Responders in the Philippines: Basis for Community-Based Drug Rehabilitation Program

Parental Education or Household Income? Which Socioeconomic Status Indicator Can Better Reduce Body Mass Index Disparities among Latino Children?

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