Races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici with Combined Virulence to Sr13 and Sr9e in a Field Stem Rust Screening Nursery in Ethiopia

Olivera, Pablo D.; Jin, Ye; Rouse, Matthew N.; Badebo, Ayele; Fetch, T.; Singh, Ravi P.; Yahyaoui, A.

doi:10.1094/pdis-09-11-0793

Cited by 89 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is of concern as these two genes are sources of stem rust resistance in the majority of durum cultivar in North America. Olivera et al (2012) screened 338 accessions of emmer wheat and, based on seedling as well as APR screening at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia, confirmed that 11 genotypes were useful in breeding.…”

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Olivera et al. () screened 338 accessions of emmer wheat and, based on seedling as well as APR screening at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia, confirmed that 11 genotypes were useful in breeding.…”

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The extensive surveillance during 2008 and 2009 revealed a greater frequency of TTKST, and the authors ascribed this to the large-scale cultivation of a Sr24 carrying variety, KS Mwamba. Durum accessions resistant to TTKSK at Njoro, Kenya, were observed to be susceptible at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia (Olivera et al 2012). These accessions had been postulated to carry Sr13.…”

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Durum accessions resistant to TTKSK at Njoro, Kenya, were observed to be susceptible at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia (Olivera et al. ). These accessions had been postulated to carry Sr13 .…”

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protecting South Asian Wheat Production from Stem Rust (Ug99) Epidemic

Sharma

Singh

Vinod

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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The Ug99 group of stem rust races (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) has evolved and migrated. While the original variant overcame the widely deployed gene Sr31, and Sr21 (in Chinese Spring background), but not Sr21 in Einkorn, a new strain of Ug99, virulent on Sr24, was detected in 2006 and caused a severe epidemic in 2007 in Kenya. Forms virulent on Sr36 and Sr21 were identified in 2007. Likewise, an Ug99 variant virulent to both Sr21 and Sr24 was identified in 2008 in Kenya. Simultaneously, the original strain spread to Yemen and Sudan in 2006. Fears of a spread into Asia were confirmed when this race was detected in Iran in 2007. This has raised serious concerns that Ug99 could follow the same migratory route from Africa to Asia as Yr9 and cause major epidemics across the epidemiological region of South Asia. In 2005–06, screening in Kenya and Ethiopia of wheat materials from Asian countries revealed a very low frequency of lines resistant to Ug99 and its variants. Under the umbrella of the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (BGRI), significant efforts have been made to counter the challenges posed by Ug99 and its derivative races. Diverse sources of resistance to the pathogen have been identified and incorporated in high‐yielding wheat backgrounds. The most promising strategy has been to deploy spring wheat varieties possessing adult plant resistance (APR) in infested and bordering areas to decrease inoculum amounts and slow down the development of new virulence, for example four CIMMYT genotypes with Sr2+ have been released in Afghanistan and their seed is also distributed in region bordering Iran. For an immediate remedy, race‐specific resistance genes can be deployed in combinations using marker‐assisted selection. Several Ug99‐resistant varieties have already been released in South Asian countries (Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan), and seed dissemination is underway. The Ug99 risk in the region can be reduced to minimum levels by identifying, releasing and providing seed of high‐yielding and resistant cultivars.

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Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Olivera et al. () screened 338 accessions of emmer wheat and, based on seedling as well as APR screening at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia, confirmed that 11 genotypes were useful in breeding.…”

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Durum accessions resistant to TTKSK at Njoro, Kenya, were observed to be susceptible at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia (Olivera et al. ). These accessions had been postulated to carry Sr13 .…”

Section: Status Of Existing Prevalent Racesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Protecting South Asian Wheat Production from Stem Rust (Ug99) Epidemic

Sharma

Singh

Vinod

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Genes Sr9e and Sr13 constitute major components of resistance in North American durum cultivars (Olivera et al. ), and Sr9e and Sr12 are common in CIMMYT‐derived durum lines (Singh et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of resistance to Indian pathotypes of Puccinia graminis tritici and P. triticina in durum wheat

et al. 2015

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Stem rust and leaf rust are important diseases affecting durum wheat production in India. Inheritance and extent of diversity in resistance were studied in five durum genotypes, viz. ʽB 662', ʽED 2398-A', ʽHG 110', ʽIWP 5019' and ʽLine 1172ʼ using Pgt pathotypes 40A and 117-6, and Pt pathotypes 12-2 and 104-2. F 2 and F 3 analyses showed that resistance was conferred by one or two genes in each line. In all, four genes for resistance to 40A, and eight each for pathotypes 117-6 and 12-2 were identified among the five genotypes, and three for resistance to 104-2 among B 662, ED 2398-A and IWP 5019 were indicated by tests of allelism. Although the gene identities are not known, at least some of them should be different from Sr2, Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr8b, Sr9e, Sr9g, Sr11, Sr12, Sr13, Sr14, Sr17, Sr23 and Sr28; and from Lr3, Lr14a, Lr23 and Lr27 + Lr31. These genotypes enrich the diversity of resistance to stem rust and leaf rust for durum wheat improvement.Key words: genetic diversity -Lr genes -resistance durability -Sr genes -Triticum turgidum ssp. durum India produces more than 90 million tonnes of wheat from an area of more than 25 million hectares, to which the contribution of durum wheat is about 5%. However, durum wheat has a special niche in the Indian wheat economy for at least two reasons: firstly, Indian durum is typically purchased by private traders at a premium price, mainly for processing high-value products; secondly, durum is preferred over bread wheat for several local food preparations. Durum and cultivated emmer are mainly grown in the central and southern parts, where leaf rust and stem rust are the major disease problems affecting wheat. Broadening the resistance base through the utilization of genetically diverse resistance sources is necessary to enhance the durability of resistance to meet ongoing threats from the continuously evolving rust pathogens. Relatively, little work has been done on the inheritance of rust resistance in durum, compared to bread wheat. However, studies conducted in different parts of the world indicate that durum generally shows resistance to Puccinia triticina (Pt) pathotypes virulent to bread wheat and vice versa

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Field resistance to wheat stem rust in durum wheat accessions deposited at the USDA National Small Grains Collection

et al. 2021

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Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is a re-emerging disease, posing a significant threat to durum wheat production worldwide. The limited number of stem rust resistance genes in modern cultivars compels us to identify and incorporate new effective genes in durum wheat breeding programs. We evaluated 8,245 spring durum wheat accessions deposited at the USDA National Small Grains Collection (NSGC) for resistance in field stem rust nurseries in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia and St. Paul, MN (USA). A higher level of disease development was observed at the Debre Zeit nursery compared with St. Paul, and the effective alleles of Sr13 in this nursery did not display the level of resistance observed at the St. Paul nursery. Four hundred and ninety-one (∽6%) accessions exhibited resistant to moderately susceptible responses after three field evaluations at Debre Zeit and two at St. Paul. Nearly 70% of these accessions originated from Ethiopia, Mexico, Egypt, and USA. Eight additional countries, namely Portugal,

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Races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici with Combined Virulence to Sr13 and Sr9e in a Field Stem Rust Screening Nursery in Ethiopia

Cited by 89 publications

References 16 publications

Protecting South Asian Wheat Production from Stem Rust (Ug99) Epidemic

Protecting South Asian Wheat Production from Stem Rust (Ug99) Epidemic

Sources of resistance to Indian pathotypes of Puccinia graminis tritici and P. triticina in durum wheat

Field resistance to wheat stem rust in durum wheat accessions deposited at the USDA National Small Grains Collection

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