Racemose neurocysticercosis

Farrell, ChristopherJ; Krupa, Kristin; Krupa, Kelly; Pisculli, MaryL; Athas, DeenaM

doi:10.4103/2152-7806.175881

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The pathology of cranial neuropathy is arachnoiditis [ 9 ]. In our case, although an ELISA test to detect serum cysticercus total IgG antibody was nonreactive, race-mose NCC was diagnosed based on brain MRI findings [ 10 , 11 ] and partial response to albendazole treatment. The ELISA test has been shown to yield a sensitivity of 64% [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dual Cestode Infection in a Thai Patient (Spinal Sparganosis and Racemose Neurocysticercosis): A Case Report

2018

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Patient: Male, 41Final Diagnosis: Spinal sparganosis and racemose neurocysticercosisSymptoms: Hip pain • numbness • weakness • blindness • hearing lossMedication: —Clinical Procedure: LaminectomySpecialty: Infectious DiseasesObjective:Rare diseaseBackground:Spinal sparganosis and racemose (grape-like) neurocysticercosis are rare diseases. Co-infection with spinal sparganosis and racemose neurocysticercosis has never been reported in the English-language literature.Case Report:A 41-year-old male presented after having experienced left hip pain with radiation to the leg, progressive weakness and numbness of the left leg, and difficulty urinating for 4 years, all of which was caused by spinal sparganosis. He had also experienced progressive vision and hearing loss on the right side for 3 years, which were caused by racemose neurocysticercosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbosacral spine and the brain revealed intrinsic spinal cord lesion and racemose neurocysticercosis, respectively. Spinal sparganosis was diagnosed by histological examination and an immunochromatographic test. It was treated with a high-dose of praziquantel (75 mg/kg/day) combined with cimetidine; without clinical improvement. Treatment consisted of racemose neurocysticercosis with albendazole for 2 months. A follow-up MRI of the brain revealed a minimal reduction in the amount of racemose neurocysticercosis. Repeat treatment with albendazole was administered. However, further MRI examination of the brain revealed the condition to be unchanged. Vision and hearing loss had also not improved.Conclusions:In this case report, we describe a middle-aged man who presented with spinal cord symptoms (hip pain, progressive weakness and numbness of the leg, and difficulty urinating) and cranial nerve palsies (vision and hearing loss) caused by spinal sparganosis and racemose neurocysticercosis, respectively. Neurological symptoms did not improve with anthelmintic drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dual Cestode Infection in a Thai Patient (Spinal Sparganosis and Racemose Neurocysticercosis): A Case Report

2018

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“…There is abundant medical literature on the treatment of NCC in general, however, the racemose form of NCC is less commonly encountered, thus limited literature and no evidence-based guidelines exist discussing the appropriate treatment of this enigmatic and deadly disease. [ 3 4 17 25 ] In the past few decades, management of patients with NCC using anti-parasitic drugs, improved anti-inflammatory treatments, and minimally invasive neurosurgery has improved the prognosis of those infected with T. solium . [ 9 12 ] Prognosis, however, varies in relation to the location and burden of parasites, with subarachnoid and intra-ventricular NCC exhibiting higher morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of racemose neurocysticercosis

rd¹,

Ra²,

Bc³

et al. 2017

Surg Neurol Int

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Background:Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic infection of the central nervous system, caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium. It is endemic to certain parts of the world, including Central America, South America, Asia, and Africa. The racemose form, characterized by extraparenchymal location, increased morbidity and mortality, and large loculated cystic lesions, is rarely seen in industrialized countries, such as the United States. The management of racemose neurocysticercosis (RNCC) differs from that of the typical parenchymal variant. The ideal course of treatment is debated by experts, but typically includes either surgical intervention with subsequent medical therapy or medical therapy alone.Case Description:We present the case of a 34-year-old male diagnosed with RNCC and treated successfully with surgical cyst drainage, resection, and subsequent medical therapy.Conclusion:Currently, no standardized evidence-based protocol exists that dictate appropriate treatment for extraparenchymal or racemose NCC. We present a case of RNCC treated successfully with surgical and medical intervention. Further research encompassing well-designed clinical trials is necessary to delineate appropriate and standardized protocols for treatment of this disease.

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“…The lethality rate ranged from 4.8-25.9%, and asymptomatic forms were detected in 48-55% of cases with a diagnosis confirmed by autopsy. 5 Racemic neurocysticercosis is a variant of the subarachnoid form of NCC. It is extremely rare and clinically more aggressive than the intraparenchymal form, characterized by the appearance of an image in the form of a grape cluster, the result of an aberrant proliferation of the cysticercar membrane with simultaneous degeneration of the scolex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocephaly and secondary intracranial hypertension to racemosa neurocysticercosis

Sampaio

Maracajá

Temoteo

et al. 2021

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Case reportG.F.M, 71 years old, male, farmer, presented a history of holocranial headache of a pulsatile type, more intense on waking, and associated with photophobia. The complaint lasted six months. He also reported episodes of tinnitus and unilateral hearing loss on the left. After conducting screening tests in the emergency department, communicating hydrocephalus and cystic lesions were found in the subarachnoid and intraparenchymal space. In the neurological examination, the positive data were bilateral papilledema and hearing loss in the left boné conduction. Given these findings, the racemous variant of neurocysticercosis and secondary hydrocephalus was suspected, causing intracranial hypertension. Thus, it was decided to start specific treatment with albendazole 15 mg/kg/day (two daily doses), associated with praziquantel 50 mg/kg/day (three daily doses), for 14 days. To reduce the inflammatory process of the lesions, it was proposed to keep the patient on dexamethasone 8 mg/day for 90 days. In addition to this scheme, topiramate 100 mg/day associated with acetazolamide 1 g/day was started, along with serial lumbar puncture to relieve intracranial pressure. ConclusionThe combination of modern diagnostic tests, use of antiparasitic drugs, optimization of anti-inflammatory treatments and minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures have improved results in patients with NCC. Even so, this is the helminth infection that most affects the CNS and represents a major public health problem in most parts of the world, since it remains a neglected pathology, like so many other parasites, given that it is susceptible to containment through simple preventive actions as well as eradication.

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Racemose neurocysticercosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Dual Cestode Infection in a Thai Patient (Spinal Sparganosis and Racemose Neurocysticercosis): A Case Report

Dual Cestode Infection in a Thai Patient (Spinal Sparganosis and Racemose Neurocysticercosis): A Case Report

Treatment of racemose neurocysticercosis

Hydrocephaly and secondary intracranial hypertension to racemosa neurocysticercosis

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