Race with virus evolution: The development and application of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2

Lee, Kuo-Ming; Lin, Syh‐Jae; Wu, Chung-Jung; Kuo, Rei-Lin

doi:10.1016/j.bj.2023.01.002

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Indeed, the investigation of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) is key to monitoring the safety of vaccination series and acceptance of repeated doses in general and in specific populations [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Understanding AEFI predictors after COVID-19 vaccines gives the opportunity to better design prevention strategies and encourage trust building in vaccination campaigns against COVID-19 [ 2 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While growing research has compared AEFI onset and severity after primary vaccination and booster series, these studies fostered more in-depth safety monitoring of COVID-19 vaccines, also due to the lack of experience with massive vaccination programs with novel mRNA platforms [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Yet, to our knowledge, only limited evidence has been published on the effect of having previously reported a postvaccination symptom on the incidence of post-third dose AEFI [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk of Repeated Adverse Effects following Booster Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: Results from the MOSAICO Study

et al. 2023

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The successful deployment of safe and effective vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been crucial in reducing the global disease burden. Owing to the need for vaccination series over time, continuous observational studies are needed to estimate the COVID-19 vaccine response in real-world conditions. In particular, the detection, assessment, and understanding of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) with a COVID-19 vaccine are crucial to better address vaccination strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the risk of repeated AEFI post-administration of a booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a sample of healthcare workers (HCWs) in an Italian teaching hospital. The data on any local and systemic AEFI were studied in multivariate Poisson regression analyses to model the association between the incidence of each postvaccination symptom and its prior reporting after the administration of the previous doses. Overall, compared with the primary vaccination series, the majority of post-third dose AEFI were less reported. The results from multivariable models showed that the likelihood of reporting an AEFI after the third dose was higher in those who experienced the same postvaccination symptom after the second dose (all AEFI except for itch at injection site) and, although not significant for all AEFI, after the first dose. Any associations with age, gender, smoking habits, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and other characteristics, as well as the health impact of AEFI were also assessed. Taken together, the results from this research support reframe AEFI symptoms as signals of a robust postvaccination reaction as well as of common vaccine response, and they add important data to inform booster vaccination strategies in HCWs and, extensively, in the adult population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Repeated Adverse Effects following Booster Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: Results from the MOSAICO Study

et al. 2023

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“…Persistent circulating SARS-CoV-2 Spike was recently proposed to be causative of the COVID-19 associated syndrome termed PASC (post-acute sequelae of COVID-19) [25,26]. Considering that the anti-SARS vaccination campaigns are expected to be still ongoing for the next coming years [5], extensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike in ex vivo cellular systems is required for understanding possible impacts on vaccination [7][8][9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has represented one of the major health problems since 2020 [1][2][3][4]. The fight against the COVID-19 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been effective thanks to extensive vaccination campaigns that have been made possible by the approval of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines by the Regulatory Agencies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Starting from these approvals, COVID-19 vaccines have been extensively tested and distributed worldwide [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine suppresses mithramycin-induced erythroid differentiation and expression of embryo-fetal globin genes in human erythroleukemia K562 cells

Zurlo,

Gasparello,

Verona

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The COVID-19 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S-protein) plays an important role in the early phase of SARS-CoV2 infection through efficient interaction with ACE2. The S-protein is produced by RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, and has been hypothesized to be responsible for damaging cells of several tissues and for some important side effects of RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of the BNT162b2 vaccine on erythroid differentiation of the human K562 cell line, that has been in the past intensively studied as a model system mimicking some steps of erythropoiesis. We found that the BNT162b2 vaccine suppresses mithramycin-induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. Reverse-transcription-PCR and Western blotting assays demonstrated that suppression of erythroid differentiation was associated with sharp inhibition of the expression of α-globin and γ-globin mRNA accumulation. Inhibition of accumulation of ζ-globin and ε-globin mRNAs was also observed. In addition, we provide in silico studies suggesting a direct interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and Hb Portland, that is the major hemoglobin produced by K562 cells. This study thus provides information suggesting the need of great attention on possible alteration of hematopoietic parameters following SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19 vaccination.

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“…Vaccination is a key strategy for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines mainly induce humoral and cellular immunity against COVID-19, preventing infection and severe disease 2 . Since July 2021, the third vaccination has been recommended due to waning vaccine effectiveness 3 – 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of systemic adverse reaction patterns with long-term dynamics of humoral and cellular immunity after coronavirus disease 2019 third vaccination

Yoshida

Kobashi

Kawamura

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to clarify the impact of adverse reactions on immune dynamics. We investigated the pattern of systemic adverse reactions after the second and third coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations and their relationship with immunoglobulin G against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike 1 protein titers, neutralizing antibody levels, peak cellular responses, and the rate of decrease after the third vaccination in a large-scale community-based cohort in Japan. Participants who received a third vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna), had two blood samples, had not had COVID-19, and had information on adverse reactions after the second and third vaccinations (n = 2198) were enrolled. We collected data on sex, age, adverse reactions, comorbidities, and daily medicine using a questionnaire survey. Participants with many systemic adverse reactions after the second and third vaccinations had significantly higher humoral and cellular immunity in the peak phase. Participants with multiple systemic adverse reactions after the third vaccination had small changes in the geometric values of humoral immunity and had the largest geometric mean of cellar immunity in the decay phase. Systemic adverse reactions after the third vaccination helped achieve high peak values and maintain humoral and cellular immunity. This information may help promote uptake of a third vaccination, even among those who hesitate due to adverse reactions.

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Race with virus evolution: The development and application of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 9 publications

References 94 publications

Risk of Repeated Adverse Effects following Booster Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: Results from the MOSAICO Study

Risk of Repeated Adverse Effects following Booster Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: Results from the MOSAICO Study

The anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine suppresses mithramycin-induced erythroid differentiation and expression of embryo-fetal globin genes in human erythroleukemia K562 cells

Association of systemic adverse reaction patterns with long-term dynamics of humoral and cellular immunity after coronavirus disease 2019 third vaccination

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