Race, Gender, and Leadership in Nonprofit Organizations

Negotiating Philanthropy, Power, and Privilege: An Exploration of the Lived Experiences of Women in Higher Education Fund-Raising

“…While they are the majority of the workforce, they are paid less than their male counterparts and are less likely to ascend into leadership roles (Nathan & Tempel, 2017). As do women in broader society, women in fundraising experience racism, sexism, and a host of other "-isms" that affect their professional fundraising practice, relationships with colleagues and superiors, and opportunities for promotion (Conry, 1998& Gasman, Drezner, Epstein, Freeman & Avery, 2011. In this context, women in the profession must apply their own own privilege and power to navigate a traditionally white, patriarchal model of fundraising to accomplish institutional fundraising goals.…”

LGBTQ Alumni Philanthropy

“…There is difficulty in creating meaningful connections and mutually benefiting partnerships with alumni from diverse communities because these individuals have historically felt disenfranchised on their campuses (Gasman, 2002; Gasman & Anderson-Thompkins, 2003; Smith et al, 1999). Numerous scholars have shown that motivations and behavior for philanthropic giving in communities of color differs from the White majority (Berry & Chao, 2001; Campoamor, Diaz, & Ramos, 1999; Chao, 1999, 2001, 2002/2008; Cortés, 1999; Drezner, 2008, 2009, 2011; Gasman & Anderson-Thompkins, 2003; Gasman, Drezner, Epstein, Freeman, & Avery, 2011; Kasper, Ramos, & Walker, 2004; Ramos, 1999; Ramos & Kasper, 2000; Rivas-Vásquez, 1999; Tsunoda, 2011). Studies about racially and ethnically diverse community giving demonstrate unique cultural meanings of philanthropy in relation to families, communities, and religion.…”

“…Studies about racially and ethnically diverse community giving demonstrate unique cultural meanings of philanthropy in relation to families, communities, and religion. These cultural understandings of philanthropy often manifest as forms of obligation and social uplift (Gasman, 2002; Gasman & Anderson-Thompkins, 2003; Gasman et al, 2011; Smith et al, 1999).…”

“…Lerner (1975), Miller (1977), and Warren and Walker (1991) refer to this as a justice motive. The justice motive is present in many forms of religious-based giving, particularly in the Abrahamic religions of Islam, Judaism, and Christianity (Gasman et al, 2011). Although experiences, beliefs, and wants all have influences on donor motivations, social psychologists suggest that one’s self is the most significant motivator in philanthropic giving.…”

Advancement staff and alumni advocates: Cultivating LGBTQ alumni by promoting individual and community uplift.

“…Scholars who have explored the importance of identity within philanthropy toward higher education have engaged their research along the lines of race and ethnicity (e.g., Cabrales, 2013; Gasman & Anderson-Thompkins, 2003; Gasman & Bowman, 2012; Smith et al, 1999; Tsunoda, 2013), ability (e.g., Drezner, 2005), and religion (e.g., Gasman, Drezner, Epstein, Freeman, & Avery, 2011). The identity-based philanthropy literature shows that the identity of minority donors is a factor in their decisions to give and how those gifts are manifested (Drezner, 2013).…”