Race, Ethnicity, and Age Trends in Persons Who Died from COVID-19 — United States, May–August 2020

Gold, Jeremy A W; Rossen, Lauren M.; Ahmad, Farooq; Sutton, Paul D.; Li, Zeyu; Salvatore, Phillip P.; Coyle, Jayme P.; DeCuir, Jennifer; Baack, Brittney N.; Durant, Tonji; Dominguez, Kenneth L.; Henley, S. Jane; Annor, Francis; Fuld, Jennifer; Dee, Deborah L.; Bhattarai, Achuyt; Jackson, Brendan R

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6942e1

Cited by 302 publications

(282 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Although more excess deaths have occurred among older age groups, relative to past years, adults aged 25–44 years have experienced the largest average percentage increase in the number of deaths from all causes from late January through October 3, 2020. The age distribution of COVID-19 deaths shifted toward younger age groups from May through August ( 9 ); however, these disproportionate increases might also be related to underlying trends in other causes of death. Future analyses might shed light on the extent to which increases among younger age groups are driven by COVID-19 or by other causes of death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020

Rossen

Branum

Ahmad

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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342

352

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On October 20, 2020, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). As of October 15, 216,025 deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported in the United States*; however, this number might underestimate the total impact of the pandemic on mortality. Measures of excess deaths have been used to estimate the impact of public health pandemics or disasters, particularly when there are questions about underascertainment of deaths directly attributable to a given event or cause (1-6). † Excess deaths are defined as the number of persons who have died from all causes, in excess of the expected number of deaths for a given place and time. This report describes trends and demographic patterns in excess deaths during January 26-October 3, 2020. Expected numbers of deaths were estimated using overdispersed Poisson regression models with spline terms to account for seasonal patterns, using provisional mortality data from CDC's National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) (7). Weekly numbers of deaths by age group and race/ethnicity were assessed to examine the difference between the weekly number of deaths occurring in 2020 and the average number occurring in the same week during 2015-2019 and the percentage change in 2020. Overall, an estimated 299,028 excess deaths have occurred in the United States from late January through October 3, 2020, with two thirds of these attributed to COVID-19. The largest percentage increases were seen among adults aged 25-44 years and among Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) persons. These results provide information about the degree to which COVID-19 deaths might be underascertained and inform efforts to prevent mortality directly or indirectly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, such as efforts to minimize disruptions to health care. Estimates of excess deaths can provide a comprehensive account of mortality related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including deaths that are directly or indirectly attributable to COVID-19. Estimates of the numbers of deaths directly attributable to COVID-19 might be limited by factors such as the availability and use of diagnostic testing (including postmortem testing) and the accurate and complete reporting of cause of death information on the death certificate. Excess death analyses are not subject to these limitations because they examine historical trends in all-cause mortality to * CDC official counts of cases and deaths are released daily at https://covid.cdc. gov/covid-data-tracker/. † https://www.medrxiv

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020

Rossen

Branum

Ahmad

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

Self Cite

342

352

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“…Few strategies provide benefit, several have failed, and others are being evaluated. 3-12 Among the strategies under investigation is the infusion of specific antibodies that are present in the plasma of convalescent patients. 7-12 Plasma infusions have not been commonly associated with adverse events 13 and have been associated with improved outcomes in patients who have had other diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early High-Titer Plasma Therapy to Prevent Severe Covid-19 in Older Adults

et al. 2021

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“…The racial disparity seen with COVID-19 rates has been associated with differences in household size, social distancing, community education, and ability to work from home which some communities of color do not have [ 7 , 8 ]. These social issues and healthcare disparities have been apparent in the past but have been further amplified by COVID-19 [ 7 , 9 ]. In addition to social factors, studies have also shown that AA have high frequencies of hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and obesity, factors associated with poor outcomes from COVID-19 [ 10 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Outcomes of Critically III Patients with COVID-19 by Race

Marmarchi

Liu

Rangaraju

et al. 2021

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Background Studies of COVID-19 have shown that African Americans have been affected by the virus at a higher rate compared to other races. This cohort study investigated comorbidities and clinical outcomes by race among COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Methods This is a case series of critically ill patients admitted with COVID-19 to an academic healthcare system in Atlanta, Georgia. The study included all critically ill hospitalized patients between March 6, 2020, and May 5, 2020. Clinical outcomes during hospitalization included mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and mortality stratified by race. Results Of 288 patients included (mean age, 63 ± 16 years; 45% female), 210 (73%) were African American. African Americans had significantly higher rates of comorbidities compared to other races, including hypertension (80% vs 59%, P = 0.001), diabetes (49% vs 34%, P = 0.026), and mean BMI (33 kg/m 2 vs 28 kg/m 2 , P < 0.001). Despite African Americans requiring continuous renal replacement therapy during hospitalization at higher rates than other races (27% vs 13%, P = 0.011), rates of intubation, intensive care unit length of stay, and overall mortality (30% vs 24%, P = 0.307) were similar. Conclusion This racially diverse series of critically ill COVID-19 patients shows that despite higher rates of comorbidities at hospital admission in African Americans compared with other races, there was no significant difference in mortality.

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Race, Ethnicity, and Age Trends in Persons Who Died from COVID-19 — United States, May–August 2020

Cited by 302 publications

References 7 publications

Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020

Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020

Early High-Titer Plasma Therapy to Prevent Severe Covid-19 in Older Adults

Clinical Outcomes of Critically III Patients with COVID-19 by Race

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