Race as a component of set and setting: How experiences of race can influence psychedelic experiences

Neitzke-Spruill, Logan

doi:10.1556/2054.2019.022

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The participants are in a position of increased vulnerability given both the heart-opening effects of the entheogens, which strip people of their typical psychological protections used to navigate interracial interactions, and the fact that participants cannot exercise their right to leave because of the effects of the psychedelic substances. This should increase the requirements, Buchanan argues, for intersectional cultural humility ( 110 , 111 ), deep and prolonged engagement in the providers' personal work on their social identities and connections to privilege and oppression ( 112 ), and understanding of identity-related factors, such as race, that influence set and setting ( 113 ).…”

Section: The Challenges In Equipping Mental Healthcare Providers With Culturally Sensitive Training For Race-based Trauma In the Use Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision

Smith

Faber²,

Buchanan

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Psychedelic medicine is an emerging field that examines entheogens, psychoactive substances that produce non-ordinary states of consciousness (NOSC). 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is currently in phase-3 FDA clinical trials in the United States (US) and Canada to treat the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MDMA is used in conjunction with manualized therapy, because of its effectiveness in reducing fear-driven stimuli that contribute to trauma and anxiety symptoms. In 2017, the FDA designated MDMA as a “breakthrough therapy,” signaling that it has advantages in safety, efficacy, and compliance over available medication for the treatment of trauma-, stress-, and anxiety-related disorders such as PTSD. In the US and Canada, historical and contemporary racial mistreatment is frequently experienced by Black people via a variety of macro and micro insults. Such experiences trigger physiological responses of anxiety and fear, which are associated with chronically elevated stress hormone levels (e.g., cortisol and epinephrine), similar to levels documented among those diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. This paper will explore the benefits of entheogens within psychedelic assisted-therapy and their potential benefits in addressing the sequelae of pervasive and frequent negative race-based experiences and promoting healing and thriving among Black, Indigenous and other People of Color (BIPOC). The author(s) discuss the ethical responsibility for providing psychedelic-assisted therapy within a culturally competent provider framework and the importance of psychedelic researchers to recruit and retain BIPOC populations in research and clinical training.

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Section: The Challenges In Equipping Mental Healthcare Providers With Culturally Sensitive Training For Race-based Trauma In the Use Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision

Smith

Faber²,

Buchanan

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Issues of personality and identity have received some attention in research on set and setting. Early psychedelic research proposed that personality structures play a large role in determining therapeutic outcomes ( Sandison, 1956 ; Eisner and Cohen, 1958 ), while more recent writing focused on identity ( Saldanha, 2007 ; Cavnar, 2014 ; Devenot, 2016 ; Neitzke-Spruill, 2020 ; Williams et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Set: Preparation Expectation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Set and Setting in the Santo Daime

Hartogsohn

2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Set and setting is a fundamental concept in the field of psychedelic drug research, which points to the profound dependence of psychedelic effects on psychological, social, and cultural factors. Santo Daime is a Brazilian religion that makes elaborate use of ordering principles, techniques, and symbology to shape and direct the effects of the hallucinogenic brew ayahuasca. This paper systematically explores the tapestry of, inter alia, symbolic, social, cultural, psychological, aesthetic and musical elements that participate in the shaping of the psychedelic experience in the context of the Santo Daime ayahuasca religion. The methodically rich under the hood description of the mechanics of entheogenic initiation within the Santo Daime tradition provides a template for future studies of the role of context in psychedelic experimentation.

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“…There are some observational studies carried out with groups, including with a rural First Nations community in Canada (Thomas et al, 2013) and religious groups in Brazil (Labate et al, 2014). While offering additional challenges to researchers and practitioners, the roles of substance , set, and setting need to be equally considered in developing models (e.g., Neitzke-Spruill, 2020).…”

Section: Issues Surrounding Entheogenic and Psychedelic Use In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

Entheogens and psychedelics in Canada: Proposal for a new paradigm.

Rochester¹,

Vallely²,

Grof³

et al. 2022

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

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After decades of prohibition, scientific and academic inquiry into the psychedelic sciences has been reignited in the West. Alongside research, clinicians are being permitted to study the effects of psychedelic substances in humans, and the door has been opened to deliver psychedelic-assisted therapies for mental health needs. However, despite excitement for the professional use of psychedelics, there are few, if any, overarching principles regulating such studies and treatment approaches in Canada. To this end, experts in religious studies, psychiatry, clinical psychology, palliative care, anthropology, ethics, and legal studies assembled to assess the developing situation and form recommendations, as an initial step in laying the groundwork for therapeutic, spiritual, and research involvement/activities with psychedelics. This article reviews the historical context of entheogens in indigenous traditions; a current view of the field in Canada; potential risks associated with psychedelic use; recommendations regarding ethical guidelines and education and training for professionals; and criteria for credentialing in psychedelic-assisted therapies. These recommendations comprise the first step in an essential process to connect science, education, varied entheogen and psychedelic practices and our government. The professional recommendations of the committee culminate in advising the creation of a National Advisory Council, adjunct to the Office of Controlled Substances, Health Canada, and a Credentialing Council adjunct to the National Advisory Council. These councils would advise on sustainability and management of entheogenic plants, and education, training, core clinical competencies, ethical codes of conduct, and credentialing for clinicians and practitioners seeking to provide psychedelic-assisted treatments to clients. Public Significance StatementEntheogenic and psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies are poised to become an effective mainstream approach to mental health and wellness in Canada. Practitioner guidelines for ethical practice, training, and credentialing are needed to ensure public safety of this emerging modality.

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Race as a component of set and setting: How experiences of race can influence psychedelic experiences

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision

The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision

Set and Setting in the Santo Daime

Entheogens and psychedelics in Canada: Proposal for a new paradigm.

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