Rabies Virus‐Inspired Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Targeted Imaging and Chemotherapy of Glioma

Abstract

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) restricts access to the brain of more than 98 % of therapeutic agents and is largely responsible for treatment failure of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therefore, it is of great importance to develop a safe and efficient strategy for more effective drug delivery across the BBB into the brain. Inspired by the extraordinary capability of rabies virus (RABV) to enter the central nervous system, we report the development and evaluation of the metal–organic framework‐based nanocarrier MILB@LR, which closely mimicked both the bullet‐shape structure and surface functions of natural RABV. MILB@LR benefited from a more comprehensive RABV‐mimic strategy than mimicking individual features of RABV and exhibited significantly enhanced BBB penetration and brain tumor targeting. MILB@LR also displayed superior inhibition of tumor growth when loaded with oxaliplatin. The results demonstrated that MILB@LR may be valuable for GBM targeting and treatment.

Exploration and functionalization of M1-macrophage extracellular vesicles for effective accumulation in glioblastoma and strong synergistic therapeutic effects

“… 1 – 3 Despite advances in surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, the median survival time of GBM is only 15–16 months, and the 5-year overall survival rate is less than 5%. 4 – 6 Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new effective therapeutic strategies for treating GBM. 7 …”

Chemodynamic Therapy Combined with Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Their Applications in Tumor Treatment

“…[16] Admittedly, chemotherapy is still effective against tumor cells. However, its overexpression can cause peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), [17] which in turn leads to permanent symptoms and disability in up to 40 % of cancer survivors.…”

Exploiting Peptide Self-Assembly for the Development of Minimalistic Viral Mimetics

“…The complexity of their fabrication, that requires fully folded proteins and efficient upstream and downstream strategies, impacts the production yields, and is associated to high costs. Other examples include polymer peptide nanogels (Lee et al, 2008), dendritic lipopeptides (Liang et al, 2019), iron oxide-lactoferrin magneto-responsive nanocapsules (Fang et al, 2015), peptide-DNA condensates (Cao et al, 2018), rabies-inspired gold nanorods (Lee et al, 2017) or metal-organic frameworks (Qiao et al, 2020). However, the potential of minimalistic, purely peptidic, supramolecular nanostructures to resemble the morphology and/or functionality of viruses has not been fully exploited yet.…”