Rabies Vaccines, Prophylactic, Peru: Massive Rabies Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for High-Risk Populations

Recuenco, Sergio

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21084-7_5

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Some limitations must be considered, such as the absence of a cold chain for the conservation of immunobiological materials and products, the need for trained health professionals, and health education for better adherence to the prophylactic scheme (Berger et al, 2013). However, the successfully implemented pre-exposure programs for indigenous communities in the Amazon region in other Katin American countries such as Peru and Colombia can be used as a model (Arias-Caicedo et al, 2019;Recuenco, 2020).…”

Section: Indication Of Other People Attacked By Vampire Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of crab fishermen's exposure to rabies virus in a typical Amazonian community

Silva

Andrade

Cardoso³

et al. 2021

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Outbreaks of human rabies transmitted by hematophagous bats occurred in 2018 in Pará state, Brazil, eastern Amazon, after 12 years of no record of the disease. Thus, it is necessary to understand the epidemiological characteristics of these attacks to protect the local population. This study aimed to characterize the bat bite populations in the municipality of São João da Ponta, Pará State, Brazil, in 2013-2015. The Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) database was used to identify the five individuals who sought medical care during the study period (seeds).Other individuals who were attacked during the same period but did not seek medical care (n = 61) were reached by snowball sampling, and a descriptive analysis was performed based on information obtained from questionnaires. Majority of the interviewees were men (92.4%; 61/66) and adults aged 20-50 years (69.9%; 46/66) and had <4 years of formal school education (86.3%; 57/66). Additionally, most of them were rural residents (92.4%; 61/66) and crab fishermen (79.3%; 53/66). The interviewees (92.4%; 61/66) identified mangroves of the Mãe Grande de Curuçá extractive reserve, where groups of fishermen sometimes gather for several days for crab fishing, often living in improvised dwellings without walls and covered by tarps or straw (88.8%; 56/66), conducive to attacks by vampire bats. Overall, 42.4% (28/66) of the participants had been bitten more than four times throughout their life. The median number of attacks over the participant's lifetime was 3.11 (range, 1-23). Participants were unaware of the risk of contracting rabies from the bite (95.4%; 65/66). These results suggest that vampire bat attacks are essentially an occupational hazard in the study region. Moreover, for each reported attack, there were at least 12.2 unreported cases. Thus, the study highlights the need to develop strategies for prophylactic treatment of this population.

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Section: Indication Of Other People Attacked By Vampire Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of crab fishermen's exposure to rabies virus in a typical Amazonian community

Silva

Andrade

Cardoso³

et al. 2021

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Vampire bat-transmitted rabies virus (VBRV) is a Lyssavirus that causes significant human health and agricultural burdens in much of Latin America ( 20 , 21 ). VBRV management currently includes culling bats using poisons, pre-exposure and postexposure vaccination of humans ( 22 ), and pre-exposure vaccination of livestock; however, these measures are costly and have failed to curtail increasing rabies outbreaks in some countries or its spread to new frontiers ( 23 ). Given the difficulties in preventing rabies outbreaks, new biotechnologies such as transmissible vaccines could help tackle rabies at the source.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inferring the disruption of rabies circulation in vampire bat populations using a betaherpesvirus-vectored transmissible vaccine

Griffiths

Meza

Haydon

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Transmissible vaccines are an emerging biotechnology that hold prospects to eliminate pathogens from wildlife populations. Such vaccines would genetically modify naturally occurring, nonpathogenic viruses (“viral vectors”) to express pathogen antigens while retaining their capacity to transmit. The epidemiology of candidate viral vectors within the target wildlife population has been notoriously challenging to resolve but underpins the selection of effective vectors prior to major investments in vaccine development. Here, we used spatiotemporally replicated deep sequencing to parameterize competing epidemiological mechanistic models of Desmodus rotundus betaherpesvirus (DrBHV), a proposed vector for a transmissible vaccine targeting vampire bat-transmitted rabies. Using 36 strain- and location-specific time series of prevalence collected over 6 y, we found that lifelong infections with cycles of latency and reactivation, combined with a high R 0 (6.9; CI: 4.39 to 7.85), are necessary to explain patterns of DrBHV infection observed in wild bats. These epidemiological properties suggest that DrBHV may be suited to vector a lifelong, self-boosting, and transmissible vaccine. Simulations showed that inoculating a single bat with a DrBHV-vectored rabies vaccine could immunize >80% of a bat population, reducing the size, frequency, and duration of rabies outbreaks by 50 to 95%. Gradual loss of infectious vaccine from vaccinated individuals is expected but can be countered by inoculating larger but practically achievable proportions of bat populations. Parameterizing epidemiological models using accessible genomic data brings transmissible vaccines one step closer to implementation.

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The History of Rabies in Peru

Recuenco

2024

Fascinating Life Sciences

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Rabies Vaccines, Prophylactic, Peru: Massive Rabies Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for High-Risk Populations

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Assessment of crab fishermen's exposure to rabies virus in a typical Amazonian community

Assessment of crab fishermen's exposure to rabies virus in a typical Amazonian community

Inferring the disruption of rabies circulation in vampire bat populations using a betaherpesvirus-vectored transmissible vaccine

The History of Rabies in Peru

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