Rabies Vaccine for Human Use, Cultivated on Vero Cells

Dureux, B.; Canton, Ph.; Gérard, Alain; Strady, A.; Deville, J.; Lienard, M.; Ajjan, N.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91624-7

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The risk of hypersensitivity become the reference standard [4, 10 -13]. Studies of the efficacy of a vaccine cultured on Vero cells (the purified Vero cell reactions to frequent HDCV boosters [13], reluctance to have frequent blood sampling, and the limited availability of RFFITrabies vaccine, PVRV) were initiated in 1983 [14, 15]. This vaccine is currently licensed in ú40 countries, and ú12 million equipped laboratories and skilled personnel warrant a more experimentally based recommendation for booster schedules.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Persistence Following Preexposure Regimens of Cell‐Culture Rabies Vaccines: 10‐Year Follow‐Up and Proposal for a New Booster Policy

Strady¹,

Lang²,

Lienard³

et al. 1998

J INFECT DIS

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Subjects (n Å 312) received either the human diploid cell rabies vaccine (HDCV) or the purified Vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) according to either two-injection (days 0 and 28) or three-injection (days 0, 7, and 28) primary regimens. They received a booster injection at 1 year. Rabies antibody levels were measured after the primary series and the booster and then each year for the next 10 years. The results confirm the superior long-term immunogenicity of the three-injection over the two-injection protocol. HDCV and PVRV in three doses were equally immunogenic. A booster injection at 1 year provides long-term seroconversion (titer §0.5 IU/mL). Antibody titers 2 weeks after the 1-year booster allowed prediction of long-term immunity. Good responders, with titers §30 IU/mL, were protected for at least 10 years. An algorithm for differentiation between good responders and poor responders with respect to vaccine booster strategies is proposed.Preexposure rabies vaccination allows persons who may be the data from the present study [16] demonstrated that the three-dose schedule is more immunogenic than two injections later exposed to rabies virus to be protected by only two postexposure doses of vaccine. A three-dose preexposure series is the given on days 0 and 28, included for comparative purposes. ln addition, our preliminary analysis confirmed the importance of standard one recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1], but two doses were recommended in France and the booster injection at 1 year in maintaining immunity [16]. For high-risk groups at continuous exposure to rabies, such in the United Kingdom [2]. Since the development of cellculture vaccines, numerous efficacy and safety studies have as workers in diagnostic and research laboratories, the recommendation of all health authorities is rabies antibody measuredetermined the most efficient protocol to use for the primary series of preexposure vaccination [3 -5]. Residual immunity 1 ment every 6 months, by use of the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT), to verify that protective levels (neutralyear after the completion of the primary series also has been studied, but to a lesser extent [6,7]. In contrast, few reports ization at a 1:5 dilution [13] or at a titer of §0.5 IU/mL [1, 17]) are maintained. For other groups at risk, such as veterinarians or on the persistence of immunity have been published [8,9], and the schedule of boosters thus far proposed is based on travelers to areas in which rabies is enzootic, the frequency of boosters when RFFIT testing is unavailable has been deterextrapolation. The first cell-culture rabies vaccine, the human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV), was introduced in 1975 and has mined arbitrarily; recommendations vary from once yearly to once every 3 years [1, 13,18]. The risk of hypersensitivity become the reference standard [4, 10 -13]. Studies of the efficacy of a vaccine cultured on Vero cells (the purified Vero cell reactions to frequent HDCV boosters [13], reluctance to have frequent blood sampling, a...

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confidence: 99%

Antibody Persistence Following Preexposure Regimens of Cell‐Culture Rabies Vaccines: 10‐Year Follow‐Up and Proposal for a New Booster Policy

Strady¹,

Lang²,

Lienard³

et al. 1998

J INFECT DIS

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“…Despite the advantages of cell culture-based influenza vaccines compared with egg-grown products, the former represent only a small percentage of the influenza vaccine market. Vero cells have been used for the production of inactivated poliovirus 53 , rabies 54 and live smallpox vaccines 55 , resulting in an extensive track record for Vero cell-derived vaccines for human use. In October 2009, a Vero cell-based vaccine to the novel pandemic H1N1 virus was developed and licensed in Europe ( http://www.baxter.com/press_room/press_releases/2009/10_07_09-celvapan.html ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of high-yield influenza A virus vaccine viruses

et al. 2015

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Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective ways to prevent infection. Influenza vaccines propagated in cultured cells are approved for use in humans, but their yields are often suboptimal. Here, we screened A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) virus mutant libraries to develop vaccine backbones (defined here as the six viral RNA segments not encoding haemagglutinin and neuraminidase) that support high yield in cell culture. We also tested mutations in the coding and regulatory regions of the virus, and chimeric haemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes. A combination of high-yield mutations from these screens led to a PR8 backbone that improved the titres of H1N1, H3N2, H5N1 and H7N9 vaccine viruses in African green monkey kidney and Madin–Darby canine kidney cells. This PR8 backbone also improves titres in embryonated chicken eggs, a common propagation system for influenza viruses. This PR8 vaccine backbone thus represents an advance in seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine development.

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“…Purified Vero cell vaccine (PVRV) is the most recent cell culture rabies vaccine, which is currently available in more than 100 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America. It has been widely and routinely used in many countries for both pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis [29, 30]. Currently, equine or human rabies immune globulin (ERIG or HRIG) for PEP is prepared from pooled sera taken from hyper-immunized horses and humans, respectively.…”

Section: Rabies Vaccines and Pepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Approaches to the Prevention and Treatment of Rabies

Gnanadurai

Huang

Kumar

et al. 2015

IJVSR

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Rabies is a highly lethal disease caused by the neurotropic rabies virus (RABV), and it remains an important public health problem globally. Effective vaccines have been developed for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). PEP is only effective if it is initiated promptly after recognizing exposure. Once neurological symptoms develop, however, it is widely accepted that there is no effective treatment available. Recent studies indicate that the presence of RABV-specific immunity (i.e. Virus neutralizing antibodies, VNA) and the transient enhancement of the BBB permeability are absolutely required for effective virus clearance from the CNS. In principle, it has been shown in mice using various live-attenuated RABVs or recombinant RABVs expressing three copies of the G or expressing chemokine/cytokines, which can induce high levels of VNA in the serum and also capable of transiently enhancing the BBB permeability that it is possible to clear the virus from CNS. Also, it has been demonstrated that, intravenous administration of VNA together with MCP-1 (shown to transiently open up BBB) can clear RABV from the CNS in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice, as late as 5 days after lethal challenge. Novel therapeutic approaches aimed at allowing the peripheral VNA to cross the BBB by administration of the VNA in combination with biological or chemical agents that can transiently open up the BBB would be useful to establish an effective therapy for rabies in humans. In this review, we focus on the some of the approaches that can be used to meet the challenges in the field of rabies treatment.

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Rabies Vaccine for Human Use, Cultivated on Vero Cells

Cited by 19 publications

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Antibody Persistence Following Preexposure Regimens of Cell‐Culture Rabies Vaccines: 10‐Year Follow‐Up and Proposal for a New Booster Policy

Antibody Persistence Following Preexposure Regimens of Cell‐Culture Rabies Vaccines: 10‐Year Follow‐Up and Proposal for a New Booster Policy

Development of high-yield influenza A virus vaccine viruses

Novel Approaches to the Prevention and Treatment of Rabies

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