Rabies in translocated raccoons.

Nettles, Victor F.; Shaddock, John H.; Sikes, R K; Reyes, Carlos Ramírez

doi:10.2105/ajph.69.6.601

Cited by 134 publications

(91 citation statements)

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“…In some models, the rate was a linear combination of the natural log of human population density, H i (median, 6; range, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In other models, the rate was different if the two centroids were separated by a river or other body of water ( ) than if they were not (7).…”

Section: Table 1 the Five Candidate Models Used To Predict The Spatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Expansion of raccoon rabies through Connecticut was the extension of a broad front of an epidemic originating along the Virginia͞West Virginia border in the mid-1970s (6,8,9) involving a variant of rabies virus highly adapted to raccoons (10,11). The State of Connecticut Department of Health maintains a descriptive database consisting of monthly reports of the number of animal rabies cases in each of the 169 townships (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Predicting the spatial dynamics of rabies epidemics on heterogeneous landscapes

Smith

Lucey

Waller

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

321

324

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Often as an epidemic spreads, the leading front is irregular, reflecting spatial variation in local transmission rates. We developed a methodology for quantifying spatial variation in rates of disease spread across heterogeneous landscapes. Based on data for epidemic raccoon rabies in Connecticut, we developed a stochastic spatial model of rabies spread through the state's 169 townships. We quantified spatial variation in transmission rates associated with human demography and key habitat features. We found that large rivers act as semipermeable barriers, leading to a 7-fold reduction in the local rates of propagation. By combining the spatial distribution of major rivers with long-distance dispersal we were able to account for the observed irregular pattern of disease spread across the state without recourse to direct assessment of host-pathogen populations.

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Section: Table 1 the Five Candidate Models Used To Predict The Spatimentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the spatial dynamics of rabies epidemics on heterogeneous landscapes

Smith

Lucey

Waller

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

321

324

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The raccoon variant was restricted to the southeastern United States, when unexpectedly in the late 1970s, it was identified from an outbreak of raccoon rabies along the West Virginia/Virginia border [5,7]. This emergence was attributed to the translocation of rabies-infected raccoons captured in the southeast for restocking of local populations [8]. The subsequent spread of this variant has been heralded by unprecedented increases in raccoon rabies and spillover to cats and other animals [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics of rabies in a wildlife host and the risk of cross-species transmission

et al. 2004

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An epidemiological model was developed for rabies, linking the risk of disease in a secondary species (cats) to the temporal dynamics of disease in a wildlife reservoir (raccoons). Data were obtained from cats, raccoons, and skunks tested for rabies in the northeastern United States during 1992-2000. An epizootic algorithm defined a time-series of successive intervals of epizootic and inter-epizootic raccoon rabies. The odds of diagnosing a rabid cat during the first epizootic of raccoon rabies was 12 times greater than for the period prior to epizootic emergence. After the first raccoon epizootic, the risk for cat rabies remained elevated at levels six- to seven-fold above baseline. Increased monthly counts of rabid raccoons and skunks and decreasing human population density increased the probability of cat rabies in most models. Forecasting of the public health and veterinary burden of rabies and assessing the economics of control programmes, requires linking outcomes to dynamic, but predictable, changes in the temporal evolution of rabies epizootics.

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“…1a). Epizootiologic and virologic investigations indicated this new focus resulted from the translocation of raccoons incubating rabies from the southeastern United States (7,8). The epizootic front of the mid-Atlantic outbreak has progressed in a primarily northeasterly direction at a rate of 30-47 km͞year (9,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting the local dynamics of epizootic rabies among raccoons in the United States

Childs

Curns

Dey

et al. 2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

146

137

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Mathematical models have been developed to explore the population dynamics of viral diseases among wildlife. However, assessing the predictions stemming from these models with wildlife databases adequate in size and temporal duration is uncommon. An epizootic of raccoon rabies that began in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States in the late 1970s has developed into one of the largest and most extensive in the history of wildlife rabies. We analyzed the dynamics of local epizootics at the county level by examining a database spanning more than 20 years and including 35,387 rabid raccoons. The size, number, and periodicity of rabies epizootics among raccoons were compared with predictions derived from a susceptible,

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Rabies in translocated raccoons.

Abstract: Two raccoons imported from Florida by a North Carolina hunting club were diagnosed as having rabies by fluorescent antibody testing of brain tissue.

Cited by 134 publications

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Predicting the spatial dynamics of rabies epidemics on heterogeneous landscapes

Predicting the spatial dynamics of rabies epidemics on heterogeneous landscapes

Temporal dynamics of rabies in a wildlife host and the risk of cross-species transmission

Predicting the local dynamics of epizootic rabies among raccoons in the United States

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