Rabies in southeast Brazil: a change in the epidemiological pattern

Queiroz, Luzia Helena; Favoretto, Silvana Regina; Cunha, E. M. S.; Campos, Angélica Cristine de Almeida; Lopes, Marissol Cardoso; Carvalho, Catherine Teixeira de; Iamamoto, Keila; Araújo, Danielle Bastos; Venditti, Leandro Lima Rossignolo; Ribeiro, Érica S.; Pedro, Wagner André; Durigon, Edison Luíz

doi:10.1007/s00705-011-1146-1

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, bovine cases were also recorded in the region. This pattern of RABV detection has been observed since 1998 in the Northwestern region 11,20,21 , where rabies in bats, cattle, dogs and cats was diagnosed in relation to vampire bat variants. However, in these previous studies, the virus was not isolated from the brains of this bat species.…”

Section: Ethical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rabies surveillance in bats in Northwestern State of São Paulo

Casagrande

Favaro

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:Rabies is an important zoonosis that occurs in mammals, with bats acting as Lyssavirus reservoirs in urban, rural and natural areas. Rabies cases in bats have been recorded primarily in urban areas in Northwestern State of São Paulo since 1998. This study investigated the circulation of rabies virus by seeking to identify the virus in the brain in several species of bats in this region and by measuring rabies-virus neutralizing antibody levels in the hematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus. Methods: From 2008 to 2012, 1,490 bat brain samples were sent to the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Rabies Laboratory in Araçatuba, and 125 serum samples from vampire bats that were captured in this geographical region were analyzed. Results: Rabies virus was detected in the brains of 26 (2%) of 1,314 non-hematophagous bats using the fl uorescent antibody test (FAT) and the mouse inoculation test (MIT). None of the 176 hematophagous bat samples were positive for rabies virus when a virus detection test was utilized. Out of 125 vampire bat serum samples, 9 (7%) had levels of rabies virus neutralization antibodies (RVNAs) that were higher than 0.5IU/mL; 65% (81/125) had titers between 0.10IU/mL and 0.5IU/mL; and 28% (35/125) were negative for RVNAs using the simplifi ed fl uorescent inhibition microtest (SFIMT) in BHK21 cells. The observed positivity rate (1.7%) was higher than the average positivity rate of 1.3% that was previously found in this region. Conclusions: The high percentage of vampire bats with neutralizing antibodies suggests that recent rabies virus exposure has occurred, indicating the necessity of surveillance measures in nearby regions that are at risk to avoid diffusion of the rabies virus and possible rabies occurrences.

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Section: Ethical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rabies surveillance in bats in Northwestern State of São Paulo

Casagrande

Favaro

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Official data (passive surveillance) from 2011 describe 73 rabies cases in dogs, 137 in nonhematophagous bats, cases in hematophagous bats (the common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus), 17 in wild canids, and six in primates (Brasil 2012). In Sã o Paulo State, the last case of rabies due to the virus variant maintained by dogs occurred in 1997 (Queiroz et al 2012). After this date, the cases reported in the State in humans and other animal species were due to the bat variant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antibodies to Rabies Virus in Terrestrial Wild Mammals in Native Rainforest on the North Coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

Araújo

Martorelli²,

Kataoka³

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Rabies causes thousands of human and animal deaths worldwide each year. The emergent importance of rabies in wild animals demonstrates the necessity of epidemiologic studies of infection in these species toward the development of better strategies for prevention and control of rabies. We analyzed the circulation of rabies virus among wildlife species from a native rainforest in São Paulo State, Brazil. We used the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) to test for rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies in 139 captured terrestrial mammals and the fluorescent antibody test (FAT), mouse inoculation test (MIT), and reverse-transcriptase (RT)-PCR to test for virus in samples from the central nervous system of 53 animals found dead. The percentage of samples positive by RFFIT was 10.8%. All samples tested by FAT, MIT, and RT-PCR were negative. Research should be continued to obtain a better understanding of the role of wildlife in the circulation and transmission of rabies virus.

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“…O presente estudo não levou em consideração aspectos específicos da dinâmica da raiva nas diferentes variantes, pois a dinâmica da doença em cães e gatos nas variantes que não a AgV-2 são pouco conhecidas e poucos estudadas na literatura (Queiroz et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação e proposta de reestruturação do sistema de vigilância da raiva humana, canina e felina no Estado de São Paulo

Martins¹

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Rabies in southeast Brazil: a change in the epidemiological pattern

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Rabies surveillance in bats in Northwestern State of São Paulo

Rabies surveillance in bats in Northwestern State of São Paulo

Antibodies to Rabies Virus in Terrestrial Wild Mammals in Native Rainforest on the North Coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

Avaliação e proposta de reestruturação do sistema de vigilância da raiva humana, canina e felina no Estado de São Paulo

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