Rabies healthcare-seeking behaviors of urban and peri-urban residents: Results from a rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey, Bangladesh, 2018

Ross, Yasmeen; Hoque, Mahbubul; Blanton, Jesse D.; Kennedy, Erin D.; Rana, Sohel; Tahmina, Sanya; Bonaparte, Sarah; Head, Jennifer R.; Wallace, Ryan M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0010634

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…One plausible explanation could be that hunting with dogs and a more prevalent interface with wildlife modified the dogs' behavior resulting in more bite inflictions. Generally, the observed bite incidence is very high and comparable with other rabies endemic settings like in South Africa (400) [77], Bangladesh (628) [78] and Pakistan (935) [79]. Dog bite incidences reported from African countries e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Dog Ecology and Rabies Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia

Tenzin,

Hikufe,

Hedimbi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In 2021, a comprehensive dog demographic questionnaire combined with a KAP survey were conducted in the northern communal areas (NCAs) of Namibia with the aim of gaining a better understanding of dog populations, owner behaviour, and knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) relating to rabies. The survey of 3,726 households across the eight regions of the NCAs provided insights that will inform interventions on order to improve human rabies prevention and Namibia's dog rabies control strategy. The results showed a relatively low average human/dog ratio (HDR) of 5.4:1 indicating a surprisingly high dog population of at least 272,000 dogs in the NCAs, 93% of which appear to be owned but are free-roaming. Data analysis revealed opportunities but also highlighted needs for improvements in rabies surveillance and mass dog vaccinations. Although knowledge, attitude, and practice scores towards epidemiologic and clinical aspects, human rabies prevention, and canine rabies vaccination were deemed to be acceptable, the survey nevertheless revealed deficiencies in some of the population. Interestingly, data seemed to indicate a certain number of unreported human rabies cases. Other findings included the very high number of dogs. However, only 50% of dog-owning households reported having vaccinated their dogs. In order to address these issues, the planning, announcement, and implementation of mass dog vaccination campaigns need to be adapted to achieve adequate vaccination coverage. Another focus needs to be on rabies awareness and education if Namibia is to be significantly contributing to the global goal of "Zero by 30".

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Dog Ecology and Rabies Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia

Tenzin,

Hikufe,

Hedimbi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One plausible explanation could be that hunting with dogs and a more prevalent interface with wildlife modified the dogs’ behavior resulting in more bite inflictions. Generally, the observed bite incidence is very high and comparable with other rabies endemic settings like in South Africa (400) [ 78 ], Bangladesh (628) [ 79 ] and Pakistan (935) [ 80 ]. Dog bite incidences reported from African countries e.g., Ghana (248) [ 81 ], Nigeria (200) [ 82 ], Kenya (248) [ 83 ] and Tanzania (60) [ 84 ] were lower, but only relied on hospital-based surveillance data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Dog ecology and rabies knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia

Tenzin,

Hikufe,

Hedimbi

et al. 2024

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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In 2021, a comprehensive dog demographic questionnaire combined with a KAP survey were conducted in the northern communal areas (NCAs) of Namibia with the aim of gaining a better understanding of dog populations, owner behaviour, and knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) relating to rabies. The survey of 3,726 households across the eight regions of the NCAs provided insights that will inform interventions in order to improve human rabies prevention and Namibia’s dog rabies control strategy. The results showed a relatively low average human/dog ratio (HDR) of 5.4:1 indicating a surprisingly high dog population of at least 272,000 dogs in the NCAs, 93% of which appear to be owned but are free-roaming. Data analysis revealed opportunities but also highlighted needs for improvements in rabies surveillance and mass dog vaccinations. Although knowledge, attitude, and practice scores towards epidemiologic and clinical aspects, human rabies prevention, and dog rabies vaccination were deemed to be acceptable, the survey nevertheless revealed deficiencies in certain aspects in some of the population. Interestingly, data seemed to indicate relatively high dog bite incidences per 100,000 people, ranging between 262 and 1,369 and a certain number of unreported human rabies cases. Despite the very high number of dogs, only 50% of dog-owning households reported having vaccinated their dogs. In order to address these issues, the planning, announcement, and implementation of mass dog vaccination campaigns needs to be adapted to achieve adequate vaccination coverage. Another focus needs to be on rabies awareness and education if Namibia is to be significantly contributing to the global goal of “Zero by 30”.

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“…PEP is required for all category II and III exposures assessed as carrying a risk of rabies. Bangladesh currently administers the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended two site intradermal rabies vaccine on days 0, 3, and 7 for previously unvaccinated individuals, as well as supplementary dosages of rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) for category III exposures [10]. According to the WHO, Category I, II, III are classified as-no exposure (touching, licks on intact skin), exposure (minor scratches or abrasions without bleeding), and severe exposure (single or multiple transdermal bites or scratches) respectively [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine among animal-bite victims: A hospital-based study in Bangladesh

Tamanna,

Yasmin,

Ghosh

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Rabies is a fatal but preventable zoonotic disease with an approximately 100% case fatality rate. The most common way to contract rabies is through the bite of a rabid animal. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) by vaccination and/or immunoglobulin therapy is the most effective measure for rabies prevention. The effectiveness of vaccination depends on the level of completion of vaccination. In Bangladesh, no previous studies were conducted to evaluate adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine among animal-bite cases. We conducted a cross-sectional study to collect information about adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine. A total of 457 animal bite victims were selected to collect data and follow up after one month of enrollment. The majority of participants (58%, n = 265, 95% CI: 53–63%) had a history of animal bites. Most of the participants (77%) were advised to receive three doses of vaccine and 100% of them completed 3—dose of vaccine. Among the 4—dose recommended group of participants (n = 105), 78% completed full vaccination. Of the 457 participants, 20% received post-exposure vaccine on the day of bite/scratch and the majority of the participants (66%, n = 303, 95% CI: 62–71%) received post-exposure vaccine on the day between the first and third day of bite or scratch. Increasing awareness of the importance of timely vaccination is the key to reducing the time gap between animal bites and intake of the first dose post-exposure vaccine.

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Rabies healthcare-seeking behaviors of urban and peri-urban residents: Results from a rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey, Bangladesh, 2018

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Dog Ecology and Rabies Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia

Dog Ecology and Rabies Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia

Dog ecology and rabies knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia

Evaluating adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine among animal-bite victims: A hospital-based study in Bangladesh

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