Rabies Encephalitis and its Prophylaxis

Warrell, Mary

doi:10.1046/j.1474-7766.2001.00217.x

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The recommended post exposure prophylaxis is intramuscular administration of human diploid cell vaccine into the deltoid on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Injections can be given into anterolateral thigh for children [ 24 ]. Only a little above 50% of the dog bite victims in this study completed the PEP regimen which is slightly lower than the 60.5% documented by Abubakar et al [ 1 ] in Jos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and outcome of dog bite injuries among children in Ado-Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria

Ogundare¹,

Olatunya²,

Oluwayemi³

et al. 2017

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionDog bites in humans are a major public health problem. Globally, millions of people are bitten by dogs but most of the fatal cases occur in children. There is paucity of data on dog bite related diseases among Nigerian children. Objectives: to determine the pattern of dog bite injuries and associated health problems among children seen at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital.MethodsThis is a retrospective study on the clinical data of patients managed for dog bite related injuries between January 2010 and June 2014.ResultsIn all, 84 cases of dog bite injuries were managed constituting 0.89% of the total consultations; six (7.1%) had rabies. Most of the victims were aged 6-12 years (60.7%) and majority (71.4%) was boys. Eighty two percent of the victims presented within 24hrs of the injury. Thirty-six (43%) had WHO grade 3 dog bite injury at presentation and the lower limb was the commonest (57.1%) bite site. Use of herbal preparation was the most common pre-hospital treatment 60%. Although 92.9% received anti-rabies vaccine, only 64.3% of them completed the vaccination schedule. The case fatality rate for dog bite was 7.14%. The six that died all presented late, had no post exposure prophylaxis and died within 24 hours of admission.ConclusionThere is need for public enlightenment on dangers associated with dog bites and also for the government to defray the high cost of post exposure prophylaxis treatment for children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and outcome of dog bite injuries among children in Ado-Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria

Ogundare¹,

Olatunya²,

Oluwayemi³

et al. 2017

Pan Afr Med J

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“…No wonder that there was evidence of vaccination in just one (1.2%) of the cases seen in our hospital during the study period. Hence, mass vaccination of domestic dogs as well as removal of stray dogs can help in reducing the risk of dog bites as this has successfully eliminated or controlled domestic dog rabies in many parts of the world [26]. Responsible dog ownership should also be included as part of the preventive measures although this seems not to be feasible with the current economic situation in most homes in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and Outcome of Dog Bite Injuries among Children-a Study in 200 Cases

Rahman¹,

Sarkar²,

Talukder³

et al. 2021

J Sur Anesth Res

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Introduction: Dog bites in humans are a major public health problem. Globally, millions of people are bitten by dogs but most of the fatal cases occur in children. Dog bites in human are a serious public health problem and have been well documented worldwide. As rabies is not a notifiable disease in Bangladesh and most deaths occur in rural areas where surveillance is poor. Objectives: To determine the pattern of dog bite injuries and associated health problems among children. Methods: The study was an observational retrospective study carried out at the Dept. of General Surgery, Chuadanga Sadar Hospital, Chuadanga, Bangladesh. The study reviewed the clinical data of patients managed for dog bite related injuries and rabies over a four and half year period between January 2016 and June 2020. A proforma was designed to extract relevant clinical data from the case records. Information extracted included the age, sex of the victims, site of the bite, time of presentation in the hospital, pre-hospital treatment, hospital treatment including post-exposure prophylaxis and complication. Results: In all, 200 cases of dog bite injuries were managed constituting 0.89% of the total consultations; 5 (2.5%) had rabies. Most of the victims were aged 6-12 years (55.0%) and majority (67.0%) was boys. Eighty two percent of the victims presented within 24hrs of the injury. 92 (46.0%) had WHO grade 3 dog bite injury at presentation and the lower limb was the commonest (56.0%) bite site. Use of herbal preparation was the most common pre-hospital treatment 60%. Although 95.0% received anti-rabies vaccine, only 55.5% of them completed the vaccination schedule. The case fatality rate for dog bite was 5.0%. The 5 that died all presented late, had no post exposure prophylaxis and died within 24 hours of admission. Conclusion: There is need for public enlightenment on dangers associated with dog bites and also for the government to ensure vaccination for cost of post exposure prophylaxis treatment for children free of cost

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“…Mary Warrell estimates that 30 000 people die annually in India from rabies (Warrell 2001). The Blue Cross, an Animal Welfare Organization, gives the same number.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Letter from India

Srinivas

2002

Pract Neurol

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Rabies Encephalitis and its Prophylaxis

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

Pattern and outcome of dog bite injuries among children in Ado-Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria

Pattern and outcome of dog bite injuries among children in Ado-Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria

Pattern and Outcome of Dog Bite Injuries among Children-a Study in 200 Cases

Letter from India

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