Rabbis and priests (c. 100 C. E.–c. 300 C. E.)

Cohen, Stuart A.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511520617.008

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…However, SM, showed a significantly different H1 chemical shift from the pentaose obtained from the same mannan using conventional conditions. Namely, SM, has a chemical shift at 4.913 ppm, corresponding to a a-l,6-linked mannose unit, in addition to four H1 signals with similar chemical shifts to SM,, except for a chemical shift at 5.232ppm which is not reported in the assignment data of Cohen and Ballou [21] and Zhang and Ballou [ll]. SM, also gave a signal at 5.234 ppm in addition to new signals (5.370, 5.040 and 4.761 ppm) when compared with the resonances of SM,.…”

Section: Acetolysis Of Fr Smentioning

confidence: 90%

Structural study of a cell‐wall mannan of Saccharomyces kluyveri IFO 1685 strain

Shibata

Kojima

Satoh

et al. 1993

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Acetolysis of the cell-wall mannan of Saccharomyces kluyveri under mild conditions, gave fragments with 1-6 mannose residues. The structures of mannopentaose and mannohexaose were determined to be Manal+3Manal-+2Manal+2Man 1 6 Manal and Manfil+2Manal+3Mannl+2Manal+2Man, FManal respectively, by two-dimensional homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy and a sequential NMR assignment method that combines 'H-I3C correlated spectroscopy, relayed coherence transfer spectroscopy, 'H-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity and methylation analysis. The HI proton chemical shift of a neighboring a-1,2-linked mannose unit of the 3-0-substituted structure was shifted upfield by the addition of a mannose unit to the adjacent 3-0-substituted unit by an a-1,6 linkage. The characteristic H1 -H2-correlated cross-peak of the a-1,3-linked mannose unit substituted by a B1,2 linkage, pl+2Mana1+3, in the mannan of S. kluyveri, as also found by twodimensional homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy in the rnannan of Cundidu guilliermondii, a pathogenic yeast in man.In a previous study, it was found that mannans of the pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans, strains NIH A-207 (serotype A), NIH B-792 (serotype B) and J-1012 (serotype A) all contained /3-1,2-linked mannose units [l -81. Furthermore, we defined that a P-1,2-linked mannose unit is linked to an a-1,2-linked unit, Manfil+2Manal+2Manal+ andManpl-+2Manpl+2Manal-+2Manal-+, and that these specific structures are present in serotype-A epitopes corresponding to antigenic factor 6 in C. albicans species [9]. The phosphodiesterified p-1,2-linked oligomannosyl residues, Man,!ll+(2Manpl+),2Man (n = 0-5), are common feaCorrespondence to S. Suzuh, The Second Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Sendai Aoba-ku, Miyagi, Japan 981 Abbreviations. 2D, two-dimensional; HOHAHA, homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy ; COSY, correlated spectroscopy ; relayed COSY, relayed coherence transfer spectroscopy; HMBC, 'Hdetected heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity; Fr. S, alkalimodified mannan: SM,, mannooligosaccharide obtained after mild acetolysis, where x indicates number of mannose residues; SM,-e, a-rnannosidase-resistant hexaose; SM,-eH, NaBH,-reduction product of SM,-e. tures present in the mannans of strains of both serotypes A and €3, and correspond to antigenic factor 5 [lo].However, Zhang and Ballou [111 reported the presence of a fi-1,2-linked mannose unit, in the oligomannosyl moiety which can be /? eliminated, for the 0-glycosylated form. This unit is linked to serine and/or threonine in the peptide moiety of a mannoprotein of Saccharomyces kluyveri. In this study [l I], the structure of the oligomannosyl residue containing the p-1,2 linkage was determined to be Manpl+2Mana 1 +3Manal+2Manal+2Manal +Ser/Thr I6Manal .

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Section: Acetolysis Of Fr Smentioning

confidence: 90%

Structural study of a cell‐wall mannan of Saccharomyces kluyveri IFO 1685 strain

Shibata

Kojima

Satoh

et al. 1993

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…Cross-sectional studies based on a sample of 26 cities surveyed in the early 1970s have generally found weak or even inverse relationships between the UCR and NCS data for several crime types (Booth et al, 1977;Cohen and Lichbach, 1982;Decker, 1977;Menard and Covey, 1988;Messner, 1984;O'Brien, 198597-91;O'Brien et al, 1980; for an exception, see Cohen and Land, 1984). Such findings have prompted many researchers to urge caution in the use and interpretation of one or the other data source (usually the UCR data) or to conclude that the two sources are noncomparable because they "appear to have been measuring two different phenomena" (Menard and Covey, 1988:371).…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend and Deviation in Crime Rates: A Comparison of Ucr and NCS Data for Burglary and Robbery*

1991

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Trends and year‐to‐year deviations in UCR and NCS data on burglary and robbery are examined for the period 1973 to 1985. We find strong correspondence between year‐to‐year deviations in UCR crime rates and NCS victimization rates for both crime types. The difference between the two data series lies primarily in their contrasting trends, although there is some evidence that trends in UCR and NCS crime rates have been converging in recent years. Ex post forecasts reveal that the UCR/NCS relationships estimated from the 1973–1985 data continued through 1986 and 1987. Although the UCR rates in 1986 were somewhat influenced by unusual increases in the proportion of crimes reported to the police that year, changes in crime reporting for the period as a whole have had little effect on UCR burglary and robbery rates. We conclude that, within the two serious crime types examined in this study, there is strong consistency between the alternative data sources on variations in crime rates over time.

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“…It crosses Neptune's orbit and hence is susceptible to strong perturbations during close encounters with that planet. However, close encounters do not occur because Pluto is locked into a 3:2 orbital resonance with Neptune, which ensures that conjunctions occur near Pluto's aphelion (Cohen & Hubbard 1965). More precisely, the critical argument 3λ p − 2λ n − ̟ p librates around 180 • with a period of 1.99×10 4 yr and an amplitude of 82 • ; here λ p and λ n are the mean longitudes of Pluto and Neptune and ̟ p is Pluto's longitude of perihelion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamics of Plutinos

Tremaine

1999

The Astronomical Journal

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Plutinos are Kuiper-belt objects that share the 3:2 Neptune resonance with Pluto. The long-term stability of Plutino orbits depends on their eccentricity. Plutinos with eccentricities close to Pluto (fractional eccentricity difference ∆e/e p = |e−e p |/e p < ∼ 0.1) can be stable because the longitude difference librates, in a manner similar to the tadpole and horseshoe libration in coorbital satellites. Plutinos with ∆e/e p > ∼ 0.3 can also be stable; the longitude difference circulates and close encounters are possible, but the effects of Pluto are weak because the encounter velocity is high. Orbits with intermediate eccentricity differences are likely to be unstable over the age of the solar system, in the sense that encounters with Pluto drive them out of the 3:2 Neptune resonance and thus into close encounters with Neptune. This mechanism may be a source of Jupiter-family comets.

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Rabbis and priests (c. 100 C. E.–c. 300 C. E.)

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Structural study of a cell‐wall mannan of Saccharomyces kluyveri IFO 1685 strain

Structural study of a cell‐wall mannan of Saccharomyces kluyveri IFO 1685 strain

Trend and Deviation in Crime Rates: A Comparison of Ucr and NCS Data for Burglary and Robbery*

The Dynamics of Plutinos

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