Twelve years (1991-2003) of ERS-1 and ERS-2 altimetry data have been reprocessed within the European Space Agency (ESA) REAPER (REprocessing Altimeter Products for ERS) project using an updated, modern set of algorithms and auxiliary models. The reprocessed dataset (identified as RP01) has been cross-calibrated against reprocessed Envisat V2.1 data. The format of this reprocessed dataset is netCDF (version 3). The new dataset shows a clear improvement in data quality beyond that of previous releases. The product validation shows reduction of the mean standard deviation of the sea-surface height differences from 8. 1 cm (previously available product) to 6.7 cm (RP01). This paper presents the details of how the reprocessing was conducted and shows selected results from the validation and quality assurance processes. The major improvements of the REAPER RP01 dataset with respect to the previous ESA ERS