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Ahokas, Hannu; Manninen, Marja-Leena

doi:10.1023/a:1008731320865

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Two olive (Olea europaea) landraces were detected within the Spanish Dehesas, a single winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) landrace was recorded in the German case study region and three landraces were recorded for grape (V. vinifera) detected in the Spanish olive groves. In European countries, landraces of cereals such as oat have been drastically reduced by up to 100 % (Veteläinen et al 2009;Ahokas and Manninen 2000;Teklu and Hammer 2006). Very rarely they are part of the actual production on farm, but they are maintained to meet private interest such as the conservation of 'family heritage'.…”

Section: Recommended Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators for the on-farm assessment of crop cultivar and livestock breed diversity: a survey-based participatory approach

et al. 2014

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Last, L., Arndorfer, M., Bal?zs, K., Dennis, P., Dyman, T., Fjellstad, W., Friedel, J. K., Herzog, F., Jeanneret, P., Luscher, G., Moreno, G., Kwikiriza, N., Gomiero, T., Paoletti, M., Pointereau, P., Sarthou, J-P., Stoyanova, S., Wolfrum, S., K?lliker, R. (2014). Indicators for the on-farm assessment of crop cultivar and livestock breed diversity: a survey-based participatory approach. Biodiversity and Conservation, 23 (12), 3051-3071Agrobiodiversity plays a fundamental role in guaranteeing food security. However, still little is known about the diversity within crop and livestock species: the genetic diversity. In this paper we present a set of indicators of crop accession and breed diversity for different farm types at farm-level, which may potentially supply a useful tool to assess and monitor farming system agrobiodiversity in a feasible and relatively affordable way. A generic questionnaire was developed to capture the information on crops and livestock in 12 European case study regions and in Uganda by 203 on-farm interviews. Through a participatory approach, which involved a number of stakeholders, eight potential indicators were selected and tested. Five of them are recommended as potentially useful indicators for agrobiodiversity monitoring per farm: (1) crop-species richness (up to 16 crop species), (2) crop-cultivar diversity (up to 15 crop cultivars, 1?2 on average), (3) type of crop accessions (landraces accounted for 3 % of all crop cultivars in Europe, 31 % in Uganda), (4) livestock-species diversity (up to 5 livestock species), and (5) breed diversity (up to five cattle and eight sheep breeds, on average 1?2).We demonstrated that the selected indicators are able to detect differences between farms, regions and dominant farm types. Given the present rate of agrobiodiversity loss and the dramatic effects that this may have on food production and food security, extensive monitoring is urgent. A consistent survey of crop cultivars and livestock breeds on-farm will detect losses and help to improve strategies for the management and conservation of on-farm genetic resources.authorsversionPeer reviewe

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Section: Recommended Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators for the on-farm assessment of crop cultivar and livestock breed diversity: a survey-based participatory approach

et al. 2014

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Morphological and molecular diversity of Nordic oat through one hundred years of breeding

Nersting

Andersen²,

Bothmer

et al. 2006

Euphytica

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Genetic diversity in microsatellites and development of agronomical characters in Nordic oat cultivars (Avena sativa) from the 20th century, ranging from landraces to new cultivars, were studied. A clear development in agronomical characters has taken place in this period: Straw length has been reduced, harvest index has increased and heading date has declined. The persistent oat breeding effort in the northern part of the region was indicated by the data, since cultivars from this region showed higher harvest index. Also adaptation to shorter summers was apparent in cultivars from the most northern part of the area. When comparing cultivars released after 1940 to the landraces, the loss of diversity revealed for the agronomical characters was also indicated by the molecular data. This indicates that a more general loss of diversity has taken place in the period, possibly due to random factors during the breeding process (bottleneck effect). The reduction in diversity revealed by recent cultivars at an agronomical as well as a molecular level emphasises the importance of implementing a conservation strategy for older material in order to secure genetic diversity for future oat breeding efforts.

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Variation in the Ratio of Oat (Avena) Protein Fractions of Interest in Coeliac Grain Diets

Ahokas

Heikkilä

Alho

2005

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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The previously found wide range in the ratios of avenin or methanol-precipitated fractions to residual proteins was revisited by studying 75 oat varieties, mainly representing landraces from Finland, and included old varieties or selections, cv. Kytö, synthetic hexaploid oats and an Avena strigosa line (HA 71-87). The means of the fraction ratios ranged from 4.17 to 6.46 with significant differences. Samples of 10 narrow-ratio and 10 wide-ratio oats were compared more closely. The wide-ratio sample had significantly higher total protein content and significantly lower content of the methanol-precipitated protein fraction. Therefore, both fractions in general appear to contribute to the ratio of the protein fractions. The wide-ratio sample had significantly lower grain mass and husk-free karyopsis mass. Samples of the extreme ends in the ratios of the protein fractions showed different electrophoretic protein patterns, which was also seen in samples representing the same population of origin. It is evident that polymorphisms in the protein fractions would allow breeding of oat cultivars showing further lowering of proteins putatively toxic to coeliacs assuming oats contain these toxic proteins.

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Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Indicators for the on-farm assessment of crop cultivar and livestock breed diversity: a survey-based participatory approach

Indicators for the on-farm assessment of crop cultivar and livestock breed diversity: a survey-based participatory approach

Morphological and molecular diversity of Nordic oat through one hundred years of breeding

Variation in the Ratio of Oat (Avena) Protein Fractions of Interest in Coeliac Grain Diets

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