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Abstract

We investigated the hypothesis that wood-boring beetles in the genus Monochamus (Cerambycidae) utilize pheromones of sympatric bark beetles as host-finding kairomones. All nine bark beetle pheromones tested electrophysiologically were antenally active for both sexes of M. scutellatus, M. clamator, and M. obtusus from British Columbia. When field-tested with multiple-funnel traps (British Columbia) or cross-vane traps (Ontario), a blend composed of frontalin, ipsdienol, ipsenol, and MCH, in combination with a blend of host volatiles attracted significant numbers of M. clamator, M. obtusus, M. notatus, and M. scutellatus to baited traps. Traps baited with host volatiles in combination with a second blend composed of endo-brevicomin, exo-brevicomin, cis-verbenol, trans-verbenol, and verbenone caught no more beetles than unbaited traps or traps baited with the host blend alone. In British Columbia, traps baited with the first blend alone or both blends together captured more M. scutellatus and M. clamator than unbaited traps, demonstrating a response to bark beetle pheromones in the absence of host volatiles. These results suggest that Monochamus spp. are minimizing foraging costs by using the pheromones of sympatric bark beetles as kairomones.

Monoterpenes from Larval Frass of Two Cerambycids as Chemical Cues for a Parasitoid,Dastarcus helophoroides

“…Many species of Coleopteran use tree terpenes as kairomones or pheromones (Byers 1992; Hobson et al 1993; Allison et al 2001, 2004; Thoss and Byers 2006). For instance, the volatile monoterpenes are often found serving as major attractants of Cerambycids (Allison et al 2004), bark beetles (Byers 1992; Hobson et al 1993; Thoss and Byers 2006), and a pine weevil (Nordlander 1990; 1991), or as major chemical cues for natural enemies searching for pine herbivores (Pettersson 2001; Mumm and Hilker 2006).…”

“…Some herbivores and natural enemies show chiral specificity in responses to host plant semiochemicals (Miller et al 1996; Wibe et al 1998; Allison et al 2001; Erbilgin and Raffa 2001; Mozuraitis et al 2002; Hull et al 2004). Hobson et al (1993) found that Dendroctonus valens LeConte is strongly affected by the enantiomeric composition of monoterpenes.…”

Design Factors That Influence the Performance of Flight Intercept Traps for the Capture of Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the Subfamilies Lamiinae and Cerambycinae

“…The subfamily Lamiinae was targeted by baiting all of the traps with semiochemicals (α-pinene, ipsdienol, and ipsenol) known to be attractive to Monochamus spp. [24], [36]–[38]. Experiments 5–8 used the same experimental designs [i.e., experiments 1 and 5, 2 and 6, 3 and 7, and 4 and 8 were identical] but targeted the subfamily Cerambycinae by baiting all of the traps with racemic 3-hydroxy-2-hexanone and (2 R *, 3 R *)-hexanediol, two common pheromones for species from this subfamily [26], [39].…”

Response of the Woodborers <I>Monochamus carolinensis</I> and <I>Monochamus titillator</I> (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to Known Cerambycid Pheromones in the Presence and Absence of the Host Plant Volatile α-Pinene

“…Adult sawyer beetles are known to use host volatiles and bark beetle pheromones to locate potential hosts (Allison et al 2001, 2003, 2012a; Pajares et al 2004; Miller and Asaro 2005; but see Fan et al 2010). Females deposit eggs into the phloem through oviposition pits or cracks in the bark and larvae develop in the phloem for 3–4 wk before entering the sapwood to construct U-shaped galleries where pupation will occur.…”