“…However, the synthetic production of nHA often requires the use of hazardous chemicals, ageing processes and an imbalanced stoichiometric ratio. HA can also be isolated from bovine sources [19,20,21,22,23,24,25], fish scales [26,27,28], fish bone [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37], Lates calcarifer [28], cuttlefish bone [38], cat fish bone [38,39] and cod fish bone [40]. Bovine and pork origins are often associated with disease transmission and religious sentiments [41].…”