R&amp;D considerations for the performance and application of electrochemical capacitors

Burke, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2007.01.011

Cited by 912 publications

(533 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

515

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…2 While supercapacitors display many favourable properties, current gravimetric energy densities remain at least an order of magnitude lower than lithium ion batteries. 3 This makes them currently unsuitable as a sole power source for many applications e.g., electric cars. One of the ongoing challenges in the development of supercapacitors is therefore to increase the device energy density while retaining high power performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state NMR studies of supercapacitors

Griffin

Forse

Grey

2016

Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrochemical double-layer capacitors, or 'supercapacitors' are attracting increasing attention as high-power energy storage devices for a wide range of technological applications. These devices store charge through electrostatic interactions between liquid electrolyte ions and the surfaces of porous carbon electrodes. However, many aspects of the fundamental mechanism of supercapacitance are still not well understood, and there is a lack of experimental techniques which are capable of studying working devices. Recently, solid-state NMR has emerged as a powerful tool for studying the local environments and behaviour of electrolyte ions in supercapacitor electrodes. In this Trends article, we review these recent developments and applications. We first discuss the basic principles underlying the mechanism of supercapacitance, as well as the key NMR observables that are relevant to the study of supercapacitor electrodes.We then review some practical aspects of the study of working devices using ex situ and in situ methodologies and explain the key advances that these techniques have allowed on the study of supercapacitor charging mechanisms. NMR experiments have revealed that the pores of the carbon electrodes contain a significant number of electrolyte ions in the absence of any charging potential. This has important implications for the molecular mechanisms of supercapacitance, as charge can be stored by different ion adsorption/desorption processes. Crucially, we show how in situ NMR experiments can be used to quantitatively study and characterise the charging mechanism, with the experiments providing the most detailed picture of charge storage to date, offering the opportunity to design enhanced devices. Finally, an outlook for future directions for solid-state NMR in supercapacitor research is offered.3

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state NMR studies of supercapacitors

Griffin

Forse

Grey

2016

Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This has posed significant and difficult challenges in employing supercapacitors as primary power sources for battery replacement [5,6]. It has also restricted the use of supercapacitors for possible applications such as in memory back-up equipment, hybrid vehicles, cordless electric tools, cellular phones and entertainment instruments [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical adsorption of NiO nanostructures on nickel foam-graphene for supercapacitor applications

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Few-layer graphene was synthesized on a nickel foam template by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The resulting three-dimensional (3D) graphene was loaded with nickel oxide nanostructures using the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The composites were characterized and investigated as electrode material for supercapacitors. Raman spectroscopy measurements on the sample revealed that the 3D graphene consisted of mostly few layers, while X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of nickel oxide. The electrochemical properties were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiostatic charge-discharge in aqueous KOH electrolyte. The novelty of this work is the use of the 3D porous cell structure of the nickel foam which allows for the growth of highly conductive graphene and subsequently provides support for uniform adsorption of the NiO onto the graphene. The NF-G/NiO electrode material showed excellent properties as a pseudocapacitive device with a high specific capacitance value of 783 Fg -1 at a scan rate of 2 mVs -1 . The device also exhibited excellent cycle stability, with 84% retention of the initial capacitance after 1,000 cycles. The results demonstrate that composites made using 3D graphene are versatile and show considerable promise as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.

show abstract

“…Recently, supercapacitors have played an increasingly important role in applications such as the auxiliary power source in combination with battery electric and hybrid vehicles [6] , because they exhibit power densities which are about ten times higher than those of batteries, showing excellent cycling stability even after hundreds of thousands of charge/discharge cycles. Other applications which include their use are: short-time power source for mobile electronic devices, backup power sources for computer memory, cell phones [7] , laser pulse, etc., [2,8] which are highly time dependent [3] . Various materials have been studied for applications in supercapacitor such as: (i) carbon; (ii) transition metal oxides, ruthenium and iridium; and (iii) conducting polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various materials have been studied for applications in supercapacitor such as: (i) carbon; (ii) transition metal oxides, ruthenium and iridium; and (iii) conducting polymers. Among them, conducting polymers are one of the most studied due to their characteristics, such as high electrical conductivity, electrochemical reversibility, low weight, and stability in the air [2][3][4][5][6][7] . Particularly, cconducting polymers such as polyaniline (PAni) [9,10] , polypyrrole [11,12] , poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) polythiophene [4] have appeared as the most cited in literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are distinctions between them with respect to charge storage mechanisms. In the case of supercapacitors there are two possible mechanisms for energy storage: (1) firstly, by the accumulation of charge on the surfaces of the active material, where this process occurs by the electrostatic charge accommodation at the electrical double-layer, through the adsorption of the electrolyte ions on the surfaces of electrically stimulated carbon-based materials; (2) secondly, by the fast and reversible redox or Faradaic reactions during the oxidation/reduction process, where the devices are called as pseudocapacitors, whose electrodes are made up by transition metal-oxides, hydroxides, and/or conducting polymers oxides or conducting polymers, [2][3][4][5][6] . Recently, supercapacitors have played an increasingly important role in applications such as the auxiliary power source in combination with battery electric and hybrid vehicles [6] , because they exhibit power densities which are about ten times higher than those of batteries, showing excellent cycling stability even after hundreds of thousands of charge/discharge cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of the polymeric coating thickness on the electrochemical performance of Carbon Fiber/PAni composites

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SbstractCarbon fiber/polyaniline composites (CF/PAni) were synthesized at three different deposition time of 30, 60 and 90 min by oxidative polymerization. The composite materials were morphologically and physically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and by Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Their electrochemical responses were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, by galvanostatic test, and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The influence of the PAni layer thickness deposited on carbon fibers for the composite formation as well as for their electrochemical properties was discussed. The CF/PAni-30 showed a nanometric thickness with more homogeneous morphology compared to those formed in deposition times of 60 and 90 min. It also showed, from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, the lowest charge transfer resistance value associated to the its highest value for the double-layer capacitance of 180 Fg -1 making it a very strong candidate as a supercapacitor electrode.

show abstract

R&D considerations for the performance and application of electrochemical capacitors

Cited by 912 publications

References 2 publications

Solid-state NMR studies of supercapacitors

Solid-state NMR studies of supercapacitors

Chemical adsorption of NiO nanostructures on nickel foam-graphene for supercapacitor applications

Influence of the polymeric coating thickness on the electrochemical performance of Carbon Fiber/PAni composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About