Quitline Utilization Rates of African-American and White Smokers: The California Experience

Zhu, Shu‐Hong; Gardiner, Phillip F.; Cummins, Sharon E.; Anderson, Christopher M.; Wong, Shiushing; Cowling, D. C.; Gamst, Anthony

doi:10.4278/ajhp.100611-quan-185

Cited by 31 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The number and mix of callers can indicate how well the program has communicated its message. Quitlines can have broad appeal to tobacco users, and callers have relatively high representation from populations that are traditionally underserved such as tobacco users from ethnic and linguistic minority groups (93). Similar results were found from quitlines in California, Texas, Louisiana, and Washington, DC (93,61).…”

Section: The Current Status Of Quitlinessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Thus, the changing social norm approach used in California would appear to be particularly effective in promoting cessation among younger smokers. Because the quitline in California has consistently provided service to 1-2% of smokers annually (93), the effect of the television advertisements on successful quitting in these young adults cannot be solely attributed to calls to the quitline.…”

Section: Comprehensive Programs Increased Cessation But Only In Youngmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quitlines and Nicotine Replacement for Smoking Cessation: Do We Need to Change Policy?

Pierce

Cummins

White

et al. 2012

Annu. Rev. Public Health

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In the past 20 years, public health initiatives on smoking cessation have increased substantially. Randomized trials indicate that pharmaceutical cessation aids can increase success by 50% among heavier smokers who seek help, and use of these aids has increased markedly. Quitlines provide a portal through which smokers can seek assistance to quit and are promoted by tobacco control programs. Randomized trials have demonstrated that telephone coaching following a quitline call can also increase quitting, and a combination of quitlines, pharmaceutical aids and physician monitoring can help heavier smokers to quit. While quit attempts have increased, widespread dissemination of these aids has not improved population success rates. Pharmaceutical marketing strategies may have reduced expectations of the difficulty of quitting, reducing success per attempt. Some policies actively discourage unassisted smoking cessation despite the documented high success rates of this approach. There is an urgent need to revisit public policy on smoking cessation.

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Section: The Current Status Of Quitlinessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Comprehensive Programs Increased Cessation But Only In Youngmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quitlines and Nicotine Replacement for Smoking Cessation: Do We Need to Change Policy?

Pierce

Cummins

White

et al. 2012

Annu. Rev. Public Health

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“…This is in contrast to previous research indicating African Americans show lower quit rates and participation in smoking cessation trials 40---43 (with the exception of outcomes associated with state quit line use). 27,28 Furthermore, the likelihood of quitting smoking was greater among completers of the more intensive and longer full program than among those of the short program (36% vs 22%, respectively). This pattern of better outcomes for more intensive behavioral intervention and use of smoking cessation medication is consistent with the Tobacco Treatment Guidelines.…”

Section: ---39mentioning

confidence: 98%

Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Community-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention in a Racially Diverse, Urban Smoker Cohort

et al. 2014

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Objectives. We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness, in addition to the effects of a psychoeducation-based orientation on smoking cessation knowledge for Courage to Quit (CTQ), an evidence-based smoking cessation intervention disseminated to racially diverse, urban community sites in Chicago, Illinois. Methods. Smokers (n = 1494; 55% African American) enrolled in 6-session full (n = 945) or 3-session short (n = 549) versions of CTQ in 2008 to 2012. Results. Orientation improved knowledge of efficacious and nonefficacious treatments. Acceptability was outstanding: more than 90% of participants would recommend CTQ. Feasibility was good: completion rates were 53% in the full and 75% in the short programs. Intent-to-treat quit rates were 19% in the full and 17% in the short programs (completer quit rates were 36% and 22%, respectively). Among completers, smoking cessation medication use was associated with higher quit rates. There were no racial disparities: African Americans and Whites showed similar completion and quit rates. Predictors of successful quitting were higher readiness to quit and smoking cessation medication use. Conclusions. CTQ is moderately successful in the short term as delivered in community-based settings for urban-dwelling, largely minority smokers. Further evaluation of longer-term outcomes and cost effectiveness is warranted.

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“…Smoking rates are higher among young adults, males, those with lower socioeconomic status and less education (Fagan, Moolchan, Lawrence, Fernander, & Ponder, 2007;Reid & Hammond, 2013;Sood, Andoh, Rajoli, Hopkins-Price, & Verhulst, 2008), African Americans (Rabius, Wiatrek, & McAlister, 2012;Zhu et al, 2011), Aboriginal peoples, those in trade occupations (Schwartz et al, 2010), and those with major psychiatric illness (Lasser et al, 2000). These subgroups bear a disproportionate share of the burden from tobacco (Fiore et al, 2008;World Health Organization, 2008a; World Health Organization, Commission on Social Determinants of Health, 2008b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reach Ratio--A New Indicator for Comparing Quitline Reach Into Smoking Subgroups

Campbell

Baskerville

Hayward

et al. 2013

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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Quitline Utilization Rates of African-American and White Smokers: The California Experience

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Quitlines and Nicotine Replacement for Smoking Cessation: Do We Need to Change Policy?

Quitlines and Nicotine Replacement for Smoking Cessation: Do We Need to Change Policy?

Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Community-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention in a Racially Diverse, Urban Smoker Cohort

The Reach Ratio--A New Indicator for Comparing Quitline Reach Into Smoking Subgroups

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