The quinones 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ),
tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone
(DQ), 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ), 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
(UBQ-0), 2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone (DMBQ), 2,6-dimethoxybenzoquinone
(DMOBQ), and 9,10-phenanthraquinone (PHQ) enhance the rate of H2O2 reduction by ascorbate, under anaerobic conditions,
as detected from the amount of methane produced after hydroxyl radical
reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide. The amount of methane produced increases
with an increase in the quinone one-electron reduction potential.
The most active quinone in this series, PHQ, is only 14% less active
than the classic Fenton reagent cation, Fe2+, at the same
concentration. Since PHQ is a common toxin present in diesel combustion
smoke, the possibility that PHQ-mediated catalysis of hydroxyl radical
formation is similar to that of Fe2+ adds another important
pathway to the modes in which PHQ can execute its toxicity. Because
quinones are known to enhance the antitumor activity of ascorbate
and because ascorbate enhances the formation of H2O2 in tissues, the quinone-mediated reduction of H2O2 should be relevant to this type of antitumor activity,
especially under hypoxic conditions.