Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Promotes Invasiveness of Breast Cancer Through Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation

Liu, Chien‐Liang; Cheng, Shih‐Ping; Chen, Ming‐Jen; Lin, Chin-Ho; Chen, Shan-Na; Kuo, Yi-Hue; Chang, Yuan‐Ching

doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.621944

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…When studying the function of people's tumors, most research on tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) pays attention to T cells. Others describe their reaction to rates of survival and immune checkpoint suppression [ 11 , 22 , 23 ]. This study provides a new reference to the developing research that discerns T cells as a positive prognostic factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The annotations of Gene Ontology (GO) associated with this type contain protein homodimerization activity and transfers activity, transferring pentyl groups [ 6 , 7 ]. Previous studies have reported that QPRT enhanced breast cancer invasiveness probably through purinergic signaling and might be a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target in breast cancer [ 8 – 11 ]. Our study found that QPRT has a clear correlation with the prognosis of BRCA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Expression of QPRT in Breast Cancer Infers a Poor Prognosis and Is Correlated to Immunocytes Infiltration

Zhang

Ding²,

2022

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Breast cancer (BRCA) is a class of highly heterogeneous tumors. There is a positive correlation between the overall survival of BRCA and immune infiltration of the tumor microenvironment. QPRT is a rarely reported cancer gene, and the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Based on TCGA data, the role that QPRT plays in BRCA is evaluated in this study. This study used GEPIA to analyze the expression of QPRT in BRCA and, based on the survival module, assessed the impact of QPRT on the survival of patients with BRCA. Furthermore, this study collected the BRCA data set from TCGA and, through utilizing logistic regression, discussed the relationship between QPRT expression and clinical information. Cox regression analysis was used to obtain clinicopathological features relating to the total survival rate of patients with TCGA. Besides, based on the “correlation” and CIBERSORT module, the relationship between cancer immune infiltration and QPRT was analyzed in GEPIA. Tumor status, pathological staging, and lymph nodes have an obvious correlation with the rise of QPRT expression according to the logistic regression univariate analysis. In this analysis, QPRT is expressed as a categorical-dependent variable (median expression value is 2.5). Furthermore, based on multivariate analysis, independent factors for favorable prognosis include negative pathological stage, increased QPRT expression, and remote metastasis. Among them, CIBERSORT analysis found that the increase in QPRT expression will increase with the growth of the level of immune infiltration of neutrophils, B cells, T cells, and mast cells. In addition, the “correlation” module using GEPIA was used to confirm. Taking all factors into consideration, the rise in QPRT expression is related to a good prognosis and a grown proportion of immune cells in BRCA, such as neutrophils, B cells, mast cells, and T cells. These results suggest that QPRT can be used to be a possible biological indicator to evaluate the immune infiltration level of BRCA and its prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Expression of QPRT in Breast Cancer Infers a Poor Prognosis and Is Correlated to Immunocytes Infiltration

Zhang

Ding²,

2022

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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“…Zhang et al used in vivo and in vitro experiments to confirm that QPRT promotes growth, migration, and invasion of breast cancer and inhibits cell apoptosis [ 17 ]. Liu et al also provided strong evidence that upregulation of QPRT promotes breast cancer progression [ 16 ]. Earlier work indicated that QPRT might have an antiapoptotic function (Ullmark et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PI3K/Akt signalling pathway is activated in various cancers and has been proven to be one of the most important signalling pathways in cancer development [ 30 ]. The PI3K/Akt signalling pathway has attracted increasing attention in breast cancer research as activating this pathway can promote breast cancer cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis [ 31 ], and modulate cell invasion [ 16 ]. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is involved in the development of breast cancer through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway [ 27 ], and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is an important pathway involved in chemoresistance and survival of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that high expression of NAMPT is related to the aggressive biological characteristics of BRCA [ 14 ] and can regulate the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway and promote tumour cell proliferation [ 15 ]. Similarly, QPRT expression has shown great relevance to the migration and invasive ability of BRCA cancer cells [ 16 ], and tumour xenograft assays have demonstrated the growth-promoting effect of QPRT overexpression in BRCA tumour cells [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QPRT Acts as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Invasive Breast Cancer

Zhou

Lin

Jiang

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

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Background. Quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) is a rate-limiting enzyme that encodes the uronic acid pathway, which is involved in cell cycle progression and cancer cell metabolism. Some studies have demonstrated the progrowth effect of QPRT on breast cancer (BRCA) tumour cells, but its mechanism of action requires further exploration. Methods. We investigated the expression of QPRT and the prognosis of patients with different tumours by performing a pan-cancer analysis of QPRT. Prognostic values for overall survival (OS) were determined using uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses. The prognostic survival of patients with a different pathological staging of BRCA and with QPRT high and low expression was also analysed. We also explored the relevant pathways by which QPRT affected BRCA tumorigenesis by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and western blotting. The impact of QPRT on the PI3K/Akt pathway was also evaluated. Results. Pan-cancer analysis revealed significant QPRT expression in pan-cancer and correlated with prognosis in most tumour patients. QPRT was also highly expressed in BRCA when patients had poor prognoses, and its expression was associated with different pathological BRCA subtypes. GSEA revealed an association between BRCA progression and the cell cycle and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling pathway, and this association was confirmed by western blotting. Conclusion. QPRT is highly expressed in breast cancer and particularly in HER2 breast cancer. Upregulated QPRT expression is an independent predictor of breast cancer prognosis and promotes breast cancer progression by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

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Involvement of the kynurenine pathway in breast cancer: updates on clinical research and trials

et al. 2023

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Breast cancer (BrCa) is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality in women worldwide. While BrCa treatment has been shown to be highly successful if detected at an early stage, there are few effective strategies to treat metastatic tumours. Hence, metastasis remains the main cause in most of BrCa deaths, highlighting the need for new approaches in this group of patients. Immunotherapy has been gaining attention as a new treatment for BrCa metastasis and the kynurenine pathway (KP) has been suggested as one of the potential targets. The KP is the major biochemical pathway in tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, catabolising TRP to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The KP has been reported to be elevated under inflammatory conditions such as cancers and that its activity suppresses immune surveillance. Dysregulation of the KP has previously been reported implicated in BrCa. This review aims to discuss and provide an update on the current mechanisms involved in KP-mediated immune suppression and cancer growth. Furthermore, we also provide a summary on 58 studies about the involvement of the KP and BrCa and five clinical trials targeting KP enzymes and their outcome.

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Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Promotes Invasiveness of Breast Cancer Through Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Increased Expression of QPRT in Breast Cancer Infers a Poor Prognosis and Is Correlated to Immunocytes Infiltration

Increased Expression of QPRT in Breast Cancer Infers a Poor Prognosis and Is Correlated to Immunocytes Infiltration

QPRT Acts as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Invasive Breast Cancer

Involvement of the kynurenine pathway in breast cancer: updates on clinical research and trials

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