Quick Reference Handbook for Surgical Pathologists

Rekhtman, Natasha; Bishop, Justin A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20086-1

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…In many of these patients, a primary tumor site will be identified following clinical, radiological and histopathological investigations. A standardized workup for MUO has been detailed by Amela et [77,78]. However, some caution should be applied while interpreting immunohistochemical staining, since for example vimentin, which is positive in most sarcomas, can be expressed by some carcinoma types, and some sarcomas can aberrantly express keratins [77,78].…”

Section: Workup Of a Suspected Oral Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A standardized workup for MUO has been detailed by Amela et [77,78]. However, some caution should be applied while interpreting immunohistochemical staining, since for example vimentin, which is positive in most sarcomas, can be expressed by some carcinoma types, and some sarcomas can aberrantly express keratins [77,78]. Caution is necessary in interpreting immunohistochemical stains, which are subjected to known technical errors with differences between manufacturers, adequate control sample, and handling of the specimen.…”

Section: Workup Of a Suspected Oral Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastatic Tumors to the Jaws and Mouth

Hirshberg

Berger

Allon

et al. 2014

Head and Neck Pathol

155

171

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Metastatic dissemination to the oral cavity is rare and is usually the evidence of a wide spread disease with an average survival rate of 7 months. In almost a quarter of the cases, oral metastasis was found to be the first indication of an occult malignancy at a distant site. Metastatic lesions can be found anywhere in the oral cavity, however, the jawbones with the molar area is the most frequently involved site. In the oral soft tissues, the gingiva is the most common site, suggesting the possible role of inflammation in the attraction of metastatic deposits. The most common primary malignancies presenting oral metastases were the lung, kidney, liver, and prostate for men, and breast, female genital organs, kidney, and colorectum for women. Most patients with jawbone metastasis complain of swelling, pain, and paresthesia. An exophytic lesion is the most common clinical presentation of metastatic lesions in the oral soft tissues. Early lesions, mainly those located in the gingiva, may resemble a hyperplastic or reactive lesion. Once a lesion is recognized as metastasis, the primary tumor site should be identified following clinical, radiological and histopathological investigations. If standardized diagnostic workup fails to detect the site of origin, then the term carcinoma of unknown primary is applied. Personalized medicine tools such as tissue-oforigin assays should be applied, either by immunohistochemical testing or by molecular-profiling methods as these may lead to a more favorable outcome.

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Section: Workup Of a Suspected Oral Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Workup Of a Suspected Oral Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic Tumors to the Jaws and Mouth

Hirshberg

Berger

Allon

et al. 2014

Head and Neck Pathol

155

171

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“…14 Hence it is commonly used to diagnose carcinomas of renal, thyroid, and Müllerian origins. 15 PAX2 is a homolog of PAX8 that is similarly expressed in renal tubular and Müllerian epithelia, but not in thyroid follicular cells. 15 Only two prior studies have examined PAX8 expression in a small number of melanomas in large cohorts of benign and malignant tumors, and found no expression in melanomas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical expression of PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin in melanomas

et al. 2021

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Background Deviations from the classic melanocytic immunophenotype in melanoma can present a diagnostic challenge. PAX8 and PAX2 are common markers for renal or Müllerian differentiation. While most PAX8+ or PAX2+ carcinomas are seldom confused with melanoma, some cases may show a more ambiguous immunophenotype, especially when MiTF family altered renal cell carcinoma (MiTF‐RCC) is in the differential diagnosis. Neither PAX8 nor PAX2 expression has been reported in melanoma to date. We aimed to better characterize PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin immunoreactivity in a large series of melanomas. Methods Tissue microarrays consisting of 263 melanomas were immunostained for PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin and graded by an h‐score. Results PAX8 expression was seen in 7.9% of melanomas and was significantly associated with spindle cytomorphology. PAX2 was positive in one (0.4%) melanoma. Cytokeratin positivity was seen in three (1.2%) cases and was associated with metastases. Conclusions PAX8 is expressed in a subset of melanomas and may be strong/extensive. As PAX8 positivity does not exclude a diagnosis of melanoma, it should be used in conjunction with other immunohistochemical markers, such as cytokeratin and PAX2, when melanoma, MiTF‐RCC, and other PAX8+ tumors are in the differential diagnosis.

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“…In three different studies reported from Naresh et al 22 , Sharma et al 23 and Sengar M et al 24 , incidence rate of DLBCL was found to be 34%, 46.8% and 42% respectively. Various studies reported from Roy et al 25 , Aparna et al 26 and Kalyan et al 21 too observed DLBCL to be the most common subtype comprising 29.3%, 26.4% and 26% of cases respectively. Padhi et al 27 and Mustaq et al…”

Section: Subtype Of Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 93%