Questionnaire investigation to clarify the occurrence rate and characteristics of maternal rejection behavior in Japanese black cattle (Bos taurus)

Abstract

We conducted a questionnaire investigation among breeding farmers to clarify the actual conditions of maternal rejection in Japanese Black cattle. We asked keeping experience of maternal rejective cows and compared occurrence patterns, rejective behavior manners, birth assistance methods, colostrum feeding method for calves, parity and rearing conditions of the cows. We found that 24% of the farms had kept rejective cows and 6% of the cows in these farms indicated maternal rejections. The most common occurrence pattern was 'Occurred from the first birth (65.6%)' and behavior manner was performing no maternal grooming with aggressive behavior (75%). Almost all the farmers assisted in each parturition (P < 0.05). There was not a significant difference among the colostrum feeding methods, but a significant difference in the rearing conditions of the cows, except for the cows with no data (P < 0.005). The parity of the rejective cows did not significantly differ in association with rejective behavior manners, birth assistance methods, colostrum feeding methods or rearing conditions. These results suggest that the occurrence rate of maternal rejection in Japanese Black cattle was approximately 6% and many of the rejective cows continuously performed no maternal grooming with aggressive behavior.

Promotive Effect of Psychological Intervention on English Vocabulary Teaching Based on Hybrid Collaborative Recommender Technology

“…After the emotion factors are added, the weight "F is referenced when calculating the similarity between psychological factors -English vocabulary teaching effect. It may be defined as: (7) "F represents the weight of similarity of action that the psychological element u plays on the English vocabulary teaching effect j, where It is known from the above formula that the higher the occupancy rate of the teaching effect in 5/L M under the influence of psychological factors, the greater the weight of the teaching effect under the emotion factor. It is required to assign a higher weight to the similarity of the teaching effect in O , otherwise, this weight assigned will be lower.…”

“…With the emotional influence in psychological regulation as the core, the hybrid collaborative recommender algorithm that incorporates the emotion factors is hereby built to calculate the catalytic relationship between the two. In the end, a questionnaire survey is conducted among 300 students [6][7][8] in the trial phase to test how well the students master the English vocabulary in different emotional states. Test data show that the catalyst for English vocabulary learning is possible as long as positive and optimistic emotion exist, basically reaching the intended purpose of study.…”

Is maternal defensiveness of Gyr cows (Bos taurus indicus) related to parity and cows’ behaviors during the peripartum period?

“…Previous studies have aimed to investigate the maternal care and the expression of maternal protective behaviors in cattle herds, mainly focusing on beef cattle breeds [3,4,9,[14][15][16][17], and only a few have been conducted with dairy cattle [18,19]. This is a relevant question in cowcalf contact dairy systems.…”

Mismothering and remedying the mother-young relationship in stabled dromedary camels

“…Should a newborn calf be abandoned by its mother, even temporarily, nutritional and behavioural needs are not met, and its survival is at risk (Vogels et al, 2013). While inadequate maternal care and rejection behaviours have been well investigated in cattle, sheep, goats, and mares (Poindron et al, 2007;Żurek and Danek, 2012;Kohari and Takakura, 2017), this aspect has never, to date, been investigated in dromedary camels. Research is needed to understand camel postpartum behaviour and the reasons leading to the potential rejection of newborns.…”