Questioning the moderation dichotomy: understanding Hamas’s evolving moderation

Palestinian National Protection Strategies and Realities

“…Beyond targeting senior Hamas leadership and military infrastructure, the range of targets have included mosques, schools, hospitals, civilian infrastructure, houses, factories, administrative buildings, farmland, water wells, fishing boats, greenhouses, water and sanitation infrastructure and international press agencies. As noted by Kear 'these wars are delicate balancing acts whereby Israel seeks to repress Hamas by degrading and/or destroying its military, economic, and political infrastructure, while remaining careful not to crush Hamas completely thereby creating an unstable power vacuum' (Kear 2022).…”