Quercus ilex L. dieback is genetically determined: Evidence provided by dendrochronology, δ13C and SSR genotyping

Alderotti, Francesca; Sillo, Fabiano; Brilli, Lorenzo; Bussotti, Filippo; Centritto, Mauro; Ferrini, Francesco; Gori, Antonella; Inghes, Roberto; Pasquini, Dalila; Pollastrini, Martina; Saurer, Matthias; Cherubini, Paolo; Balestrini, Raffaella; Brunetti, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166809

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…The drought sensitivity (DS; see Equation ( 3)) as an indicator of resistance to drought and drought recovery (DR; see Equation ( 4)) as an indicator of resilience were determined. The calculations were made based on the relative changes in BAI during the selected drought years, utilizing the following equations (see [28])…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where BAI D represents the BAI value for the drought year, BAI D−3 is the average BAI for the 3 years preceding the drought, and BAI D+3 is the BAI for the 3 years following the drought. The 3-year interval was chosen following the methodology proposed by [12,28], which clarifies that this temporal margin adequately reflects short-term drought effects on BAI. This analysis was conducted for all individuals, non-declining and declining, in each population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree-Level Climate Sensitivity Reveals Size Effects and Impending Growth Decline in Silver Fir Affected by Dieback

Crespo-Antia,

González de Andrés,

Gazol

et al. 2024

Forests

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Worldwide studies have related recent forest decline and mortality events to warmer temperatures and droughts, as well as pointing out a greater vulnerability to climate changes in larger trees. Previous research performed on silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) suggest an increasing decline and mortality, mainly related to rising water shortages. Here, we investigate these die-off events in two silver fir populations at the rear edge of the species in the western Pyrenees. We used dendrochronology to investigate tree age, size (diameter) and individual climate sensitivity (climate–growth relationships) as predisposing factors related to growth patterns and drought resilience indexes in canopy-level declining and non-declining trees. The regional climate was also investigated, including temperature trends, quantile regression in precipitation and frequency of extreme events in drought indexes (SPEI). The regional climate was characterized by an increase in mean temperatures and a higher frequency of extreme drought events in recent decades, without a decrease in total precipitation. Larger trees were more sensitive to temperature and prone to decline. Declining trees presented decreasing growth trends years ago, providing a robust predisposing trait. Both populations were not different in mean growth, despite the contrasting local climate and management legacies, although we identified a higher resilience to drought in the eastmost stand. A significant regression was found between growth trends and climate sensitivity, supporting that declining trees are more sensitive to warmer temperatures and drought. Hence, the results support a contrasting climate sensitivity related to tree size (but not to tree age), suggesting impending decline and mortality in large trees with higher temperature sensitivity (negative temperature–growth correlations). Nonetheless, contributing factors, such as the legacy of previous logging, should also be accounted for.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree-Level Climate Sensitivity Reveals Size Effects and Impending Growth Decline in Silver Fir Affected by Dieback

Crespo-Antia,

González de Andrés,

Gazol

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…Nonetheless, this research raises further questions, such as how to generalize the relationships between increased i WUE and conservative behaviour, thus explaining contradictory results obtained in tree ring studies on beech populations and assess temporal changes in this functional trait. Further research considering young and old trees and their physiological mechanisms (Leuschner, 2020; Qi et al, 2023), micro-site conditions (Puchi et al, 2021), and genetics will also elucidate intraspecific variations in drought response (Alderotti et al, 2023). This knowledge is essential for developing effective conservation and also future forest management strategies to ensure the long-term health, vitality, and resilience of these crucial ecological and socio-economical ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further research considering young and mature trees and their physiological mechanisms (Leuschner, 2020;Qi et al, 2023), micro-site conditions (Puchi et al, 2021), and genetics will also elucidate intraspecific variations in drought response (Alderotti et al, 2023). This knowledge is essential for developing effective conservation and future forest management strategies to ensure these crucial ecological and socio-economical ecosystems' long-term health, vitality, and resilience.…”

Section: Early Warning Signals Of Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of water use efficiency and annual radial growth among European beech forests along the Italian peninsula

Puchi,

Dalmonech,

Vangi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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SummaryTree mortality and forest dieback episodes are increasing due to drought and heat stress. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms enabling trees to withstand and survive droughts remains lacking. Our study investigated basal area increment (BAI), and δ13C- derived intrinsic water-use-efficiency (iWUE), to elucidate beech resilience across four healthy stands in Italy with varying climates and water availability. Additionally, fist-order autocorrelation (AR1) analysis was performed to detect early warning signals for potential tree dieback risks during extreme drought events.Results reveal a negative link between BAI and vapour pressure deficit (VPD), especially in southern latitudes. After the 2003 drought, BAI decreased at the northern site, with an increase in δ13C andiWUE, indicating conservative water-use. Conversely, the southern sites showed increased BAI andiWUE, likely influenced by rising CO2and improved water availability. In contrast, the central site sustained higher transpiration rates due to higher soil water holding capacity (SWHC). Despite varied responses, most sites exhibited reduced resilience to future extreme events, indicated by increased AR1.Temperature significantly affected beechiWUE and BAI in northern Italy, while VPD strongly influenced the southern latitudes. The observed increase in BAI andiWUE in southern regions might be attributed to an acclimation response.

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A novel framework of smart monitoring to face the challenges of tree management in historic gardens

Carrari,

Bellandi,

Costafreda-Aumedes

et al. 2024

Environmental Research

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Quercus ilex L. dieback is genetically determined: Evidence provided by dendrochronology, δ13C and SSR genotyping

Cited by 5 publications

References 139 publications

Tree-Level Climate Sensitivity Reveals Size Effects and Impending Growth Decline in Silver Fir Affected by Dieback

Tree-Level Climate Sensitivity Reveals Size Effects and Impending Growth Decline in Silver Fir Affected by Dieback

Contrasting patterns of water use efficiency and annual radial growth among European beech forests along the Italian peninsula

A novel framework of smart monitoring to face the challenges of tree management in historic gardens

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