Quercetin attenuates high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice: A critical role of NADPH oxidase

Xiao, Lizu; Liu, Liang; Guo, Xiaoping; Zhang, Shanshan; Wang, Jing; Zhou, Feng; Liu, Liegang; Tang, Yuhan

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.048

Cited by 83 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Mice received a standard chow diet in three studies [25, 30, 32]; a high fat diet in seven studies containing either 20% fat and 0.3% cholesterol [35–37], 21% fat and 1.25% cholesterol [33], 47% carbohydrates, 21% fat and 20% protein [26], or 1.25% cholesterol and 10% coconut oil [38, 39]; and the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) 93 diet, containing 4% fat, 73% carbohydrates, and 14% protein, in one study [31]. The age of the mice when flavonoid administration was initiated was four weeks in one study [30], six weeks in seven studies [25, 26, 31, 33, 35–37], eight weeks in one study [39], nine weeks in one study [38], and 15 weeks in one study [32]. Six studies administered the flavonoids via the intragastric route [32, 35–39], two studies administered the flavonoids by adding it to the drinking water [25, 30], and three studies administered the flavonoids by adding to the chow [26, 31, 33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age of the mice when flavonoid administration was initiated was four weeks in one study [30], six weeks in seven studies [25, 26, 31, 33, 35–37], eight weeks in one study [39], nine weeks in one study [38], and 15 weeks in one study [32]. Six studies administered the flavonoids via the intragastric route [32, 35–39], two studies administered the flavonoids by adding it to the drinking water [25, 30], and three studies administered the flavonoids by adding to the chow [26, 31, 33]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In four studies [30–33], the same control group was used to compare multiple flavonoids or flavonoid doses. In these instances, the number of control animals was divided by the number of comparator groups to prevent an artificial increase in sample size in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flavonols reduce aortic atherosclerosis lesion area in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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Diets rich in flavonoids have been reported to have beneficial effects in the primary prevention of cardiovascular events. There are limited data, however, on the cardiovascular benefits of purified flavonoids. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the reported effects of isolated flavonoids on aortic atherosclerosis in a mouse model. Medline, Pubmed, Science direct and Web of Science were searched to identify studies which examined the effect of isolated flavonoids on aortic atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall effect of the flavonoids, and sub-analyses were performed to compare the effects of the flavonols and flavan-3-ols. Eleven studies, which examined a total of 208 mice receiving a flavonoid and 126 control mice, were included. Overall the flavonoids significantly reduced aortic atherosclerosis (SMD 1.10, 95% CI 0.69, 1.51). Of the 18 flavonoid interventions examined 12 were flavonols and 3 were flavan-3-ols. Sub-analyses suggested that the flavonols (SMD 1.31, 95% CI 0.66, 1.91) but not the flavan-3-ols (SMD 0.33, 95% CI -0.19, 0.85) significantly decreased atherosclerosis area. Of the eleven studies, only one examined histological markers of atherosclerosis plaque stability. Most studies did not report blinding of outcome assessors or reproducibility of the primary outcome, and did not justify the sample size used and flavonoid dose administered. Based on the included studies, the flavonols appear to be the most effective flavonoids for reducing aortic atherosclerotic lesion area in apolipoprotein E deficient mice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flavonols reduce aortic atherosclerosis lesion area in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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“…This enzyme is a source of free radicals, especially superoxide anion (Klima et al, 2013). Quercetin was also reported to attenuate NADPH oxidase expression (Xiao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory property of Parkia speciosa empty pod extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Mustafa

Ugusman²,

Jalil³

et al. 2018

J App Pharm Sci

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Parkia speciosa Hassk, locally known as petai papan, is a common medicinal plant found in Southeast Asia. Its empty pods were reported to contain high concentrations of polyphenols, particularly quercetin. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of P. speciosa empty pod extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The empty pods were extracted by sequential fractionation with absolute ethanol and ethyl acetate. HUVECs were divided into four groups. HUVECs were exposed to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, 10 ng/mL) in the presence (25 µg/mL) or absence of Parkia speciosa extract. Quercetin (125 µM) served as the positive control, while another group that was not exposed to TNF-α acted as the negative control. The protein expressions of the inflammatory mediators, which were NF-κB p65, iNOS, COX-2 and VCAM-1, were significantly decreased in the P. speciosa and quercetin groups exposed to TNF-α. P. speciosa extract and quercetin also significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity caused by TNF-α in HUVECs. In conclusion, P. speciosa empty pod extract exhibited potential anti-inflammatory properties against TNF-α-induced inflammation, possibly by modulating the NF-κB p65 pathway. The effects were comparable to that of quercetin.

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“…5,6 In the early progression of atherosclerotic plaque formation, increased NOX4 expression has been detected. 7 Increased expression of NOX4 can promote oxidative stress and inammation related transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activation. 8 Additionally, excess ROS production and NF-kB activation can promote endothelial cells expressing cell adhesion molecules, which play key roles in the formation of AS plaques, including intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalpol attenuates oxidative stress and promotes autophagy in TNF-α-exposed HAECs by up-regulating AMPK

et al. 2017

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Oxidative stress and autophagy dysfunction are critical factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Adenosine 50 monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role in inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting autophagy. Catalpol, an iridoid glucoside extracted from the root of Rehmanniae glutinosa L, was reported to produce a potent antioxidant effect. However, the mechanism of catalpol inhibiting oxidative stress and its effect on AMPK remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential role of catalpol in regulating oxidative stress and autophagy in tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a)-treated human aorta epithelial cells (HAECs), and the important role of AMPK involved in catalpol's effects. In the present study, effects of catalpol on inhibiting oxidative stress and the related adhesion, apoptosis and promotion of autophagy were demonstrated. Catalpol also produces a potent effect on activating AMPK in TNF-a-treated HAECs. Mechanistically, the effects of catalpol on inhibiting oxidative stress and increasing the autophagy level were partly blocked by a pharmacological AMPK inhibitor, compound C or AMPK small interfering RNA, indicating that catalpol performed such protective effects by activating AMPK. In summary, this study demonstrated that AMPK is a key treatment target for endothelial cell injury and catalpol confers protection on TNF-a-treated HAECs by up-regulating AMPK activity. Catalpol has highly favorable characteristics for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

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Quercetin attenuates high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice: A critical role of NADPH oxidase

Cited by 83 publications

References 57 publications

Flavonols reduce aortic atherosclerosis lesion area in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Flavonols reduce aortic atherosclerosis lesion area in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Anti-inflammatory property of Parkia speciosa empty pod extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Catalpol attenuates oxidative stress and promotes autophagy in TNF-α-exposed HAECs by up-regulating AMPK

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