“…Moreover, effects of refraction, i.e., change in the kinematics of the incoming and outgoing protons caused by distortion of the target nucleus, were also neglected. Since the refractive effect was shown to be essential to reproduce A y data of inclusive (p, p ′ x) reactions [11], it is expected to be significant in the calculation of spin observables of also (p, 2p) reactions. Careful analysis of the (p, 2p) reactions with nonrelativistic DWIA taking account of the above-mentioned effects is necessary to draw a conclusion on the comparison between nonrelativistic calculation and experimental data of (p, 2p) reactions.…”